Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master' into Visuals-Vol-2

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yaml

@@ -34,13 +34,6 @@ body:
       render: "true"
     validations:
       required: true
-  - type: input
-    attributes:
-      label: Irrlicht device
-      description:
-      placeholder: "Example: X11"
-    validations:
-      required: false
   - type: input
     attributes:
       label: Operating system and version
@@ -69,7 +62,7 @@ body:
     attributes:
       label: Active renderer
       description: You can find this in the "About" tab in the main menu.
-      placeholder: "Example: OpenGL 4.6.0"
+      placeholder: "Example: ES 3.2 / ogles2 / X11"
     validations:
       required: false
   - type: textarea

builtin/mainmenu/tab_about.lua

@@ -32,6 +32,27 @@ local function get_credits()
 	return json
 end
 
+local function get_renderer_info()
+	local ret = {}
+
+	-- OpenGL version, stripped to just the important part
+	local s1 = core.get_active_renderer()
+	if s1:sub(1, 7) == "OpenGL " then
+		s1 = s1:sub(8)
+	end
+	local m = s1:match("^[%d.]+")
+	if not m then
+		m = s1:match("^ES [%d.]+")
+	end
+	ret[#ret+1] = m or s1
+	-- video driver
+	ret[#ret+1] = core.get_active_driver():lower()
+	-- irrlicht device
+	ret[#ret+1] = core.get_active_irrlicht_device():upper()
+
+	return table.concat(ret, " / ")
+end
+
 return {
 	name = "about",
 	caption = fgettext("About"),
@@ -81,20 +102,12 @@ return {
 			"button_url[1.5,4.1;2.5,0.8;homepage;luanti.org;https://www.luanti.org/]" ..
 			"hypertext[5.5,0.25;9.75,6.6;credits;" .. core.formspec_escape(hypertext) .. "]"
 
-		-- Render information
-		local active_renderer_info = fgettext("Active renderer:") .. " " ..
-			core.formspec_escape(core.get_active_renderer())
+		local active_renderer_info = fgettext("Active renderer:") .. "\n" ..
+			core.formspec_escape(get_renderer_info())
 		fs = fs .. "style[label_button2;border=false]" ..
-			"button[0.1,6;5.3,0.5;label_button2;" .. active_renderer_info .. "]"..
+			"button[0.1,6;5.3,1;label_button2;" .. active_renderer_info .. "]"..
 			"tooltip[label_button2;" .. active_renderer_info .. "]"
 
-		-- Irrlicht device information
-		local irrlicht_device_info = fgettext("Irrlicht device:") .. " " ..
-			core.formspec_escape(core.get_active_irrlicht_device())
-		fs = fs .. "style[label_button3;border=false]" ..
-			"button[0.1,6.5;5.3,0.5;label_button3;" .. irrlicht_device_info .. "]"..
-			"tooltip[label_button3;" .. irrlicht_device_info .. "]"
-
 		if PLATFORM == "Android" then
 			fs = fs .. "button[0.5,5.1;4.5,0.8;share_debug;" .. fgettext("Share debug log") .. "]"
 		else

builtin/mainmenu/tab_online.lua

@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@ local function get_formspec(tabview, name, tabdata)
 	local retval =
 		-- Search
 		"field[0.25,0.25;7,0.75;te_search;;" .. core.formspec_escape(tabdata.search_for) .. "]" ..
+		"tooltip[te_search;" .. fgettext("Possible filters\ngame:<name>\nmod:<name>\nplayer:<name>") .. "]" ..
 		"field_enter_after_edit[te_search;true]" ..
 		"container[7.25,0.25]" ..
 		"image_button[0,0;0.75,0.75;" .. core.formspec_escape(defaulttexturedir .. "search.png") .. ";btn_mp_search;]" ..
@@ -271,19 +272,106 @@ end
 
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+local function parse_search_input(input)
+	if not input:find("%S") then
+		return -- Return nil if nothing to search for
+	end
+
+	-- Search is not case sensitive
+	input = input:lower()
+
+	local query = {keywords = {}, mods = {}, players = {}}
+
+	-- Process quotation enclosed parts
+	input = input:gsub('(%S?)"([^"]*)"(%S?)', function(before, match, after)
+		if before == "" and after == "" then -- Also have be separated by spaces
+			table.insert(query.keywords, match)
+			return " "
+		end
+		return before..'"'..match..'"'..after
+	end)
+
+	-- Separate by space characters and handle special prefixes
+	-- (words with special prefixes need an exact match and none of them can contain spaces)
+	for word in input:gmatch("%S+") do
+		local mod = word:match("^mod:(.*)")
+		table.insert(query.mods, mod)
+		local player = word:match("^player:(.*)")
+		table.insert(query.players, player)
+		local game = word:match("^game:(.*)")
+		query.game = query.game or game
+		if not (mod or player or game) then
+			table.insert(query.keywords, word)
+		end
+	end
+
+	return query
+end
+
+-- Prepares the server to be used for searching
+local function uncapitalize_server(server)
+	local function table_lower(t)
+		local r = {}
+		for i, s in ipairs(t or {}) do
+			r[i] = s:lower()
+		end
+		return r
+	end
+
+	return {
+		name = (server.name or ""):lower(),
+		description = (server.description or ""):lower(),
+		gameid = (server.gameid or ""):lower(),
+		mods = table_lower(server.mods),
+		clients_list = table_lower(server.clients_list),
+	}
+end
+
+-- Returns false if the query does not match
+-- otherwise returns a number to adjust the sorting priority
+local function matches_query(server, query)
+	-- Search is not case sensitive
+	server = uncapitalize_server(server)
+
+	-- Check if mods found
+	for _, mod in ipairs(query.mods) do
+		if table.indexof(server.mods, mod) < 0 then
+			return false
+		end
+	end
+
+	-- Check if players found
+	for _, player in ipairs(query.players) do
+		if table.indexof(server.clients_list, player) < 0 then
+			return false
+		end
+	end
+
+	-- Check if game matches
+	if query.game and query.game ~= server.gameid then
+		return false
+	end
+
+	-- Check if keyword found
+	local name_matches = true
+	local description_matches = true
+	for _, keyword in ipairs(query.keywords) do
+		name_matches = name_matches and server.name:find(keyword, 1, true)
+		description_matches = description_matches and server.description:find(keyword, 1, true)
+	end
+
+	return name_matches and 50 or description_matches and 0
+end
+
 local function search_server_list(input)
 	menudata.search_result = nil
 	if #serverlistmgr.servers < 2 then
 		return
 	end
 
-	-- setup the keyword list
-	local keywords = {}
-	for word in input:gmatch("%S+") do
-		table.insert(keywords, word:lower())
-	end
-
-	if #keywords == 0 then
+	-- setup the search query
+	local query = parse_search_input(input)
+	if not query then
 		return
 	end
 
@@ -292,16 +380,9 @@ local function search_server_list(input)
 	-- Search the serverlist
 	local search_result = {}
 	for i, server in ipairs(serverlistmgr.servers) do
-		local name_matches, description_matches = true, true
-		for _, keyword in ipairs(keywords) do
-			name_matches = name_matches and not not
-					(server.name or ""):lower():find(keyword, 1, true)
-			description_matches = description_matches and not not
-					(server.description or ""):lower():find(keyword, 1, true)
-		end
-		if name_matches or description_matches then
-			server.points = #serverlistmgr.servers - i
-					+ (name_matches and 50 or 0)
+		local match = matches_query(server, query)
+		if match then
+			server.points = #serverlistmgr.servers - i + match
 			table.insert(search_result, server)
 		end
 	end
@@ -395,7 +476,7 @@ local function main_button_handler(tabview, fields, name, tabdata)
 
 	if fields.btn_mp_search or fields.key_enter_field == "te_search" then
 		tabdata.search_for = fields.te_search
-		search_server_list(fields.te_search:lower())
+		search_server_list(fields.te_search)
 		if menudata.search_result then
 			-- Note: This clears the selection if there are no results
 			set_selected_server(menudata.search_result[1])

builtin/settingtypes.txt

@@ -406,6 +406,7 @@ bilinear_filter (Bilinear filtering) bool false
 trilinear_filter (Trilinear filtering) bool false
 
 #    Use anisotropic filtering when looking at textures from an angle.
+#    This provides a significant improvement when used together with mipmapping.
 anisotropic_filter (Anisotropic filtering) bool false
 
 #    Select the antialiasing method to apply.
@@ -1881,6 +1882,10 @@ mesh_generation_interval (Mapblock mesh generation delay) int 0 0 50
 #    Value of 0 (default) will let Luanti autodetect the number of available threads.
 mesh_generation_threads (Mapblock mesh generation threads) int 0 0 8
 
+#    All mesh buffers with less than this number of vertices will be merged
+#    during map rendering. This improves rendering performance.
+mesh_buffer_min_vertices (Minimum vertex count for mesh buffers) int 100 0 1000
+
 #    True = 256
 #    False = 128
 #    Usable to make minimap smoother on slower machines.
@@ -1902,12 +1907,11 @@ world_aligned_mode (World-aligned textures mode) enum enable disable,enable,forc
 #    Warning: This option is EXPERIMENTAL!
 autoscale_mode (Autoscaling mode) enum disable disable,enable,force
 
-#    When using bilinear/trilinear/anisotropic filters, low-resolution textures
-#    can be blurred, so automatically upscale them with nearest-neighbor
-#    interpolation to preserve crisp pixels. This sets the minimum texture size
-#    for the upscaled textures; higher values look sharper, but require more
-#    memory. Powers of 2 are recommended. This setting is ONLY applied if
-#    bilinear/trilinear/anisotropic filtering is enabled.
+#    When using bilinear/trilinear filtering, low-resolution textures
+#    can be blurred, so this option automatically upscales them to preserve
+#    crisp pixels. This defines the minimum texture size for the upscaled textures;
+#    higher values look sharper, but require more memory.
+#    This setting is ONLY applied if any of the mentioned filters are enabled.
 #    This is also used as the base node texture size for world-aligned
 #    texture autoscaling.
 texture_min_size (Base texture size) int 64 1 32768

client/shaders/Irrlicht/Renderer2D.vsh

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ attribute vec2 inTexCoord0;
 /* Uniforms */
 
 uniform float uThickness;
+uniform mat4 uProjection;
 
 /* Varyings */
 
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ varying vec4 vVertexColor;
 
 void main()
 {
-	gl_Position = inVertexPosition;
+	gl_Position = uProjection * inVertexPosition;
 	gl_PointSize = uThickness;
 	vTextureCoord = inTexCoord0;
 	vVertexColor = inVertexColor.bgra;

client/shaders/extract_bloom/opengl_fragment.glsl

@@ -23,7 +23,12 @@ void main(void)
 	vec2 uv = varTexCoord.st;
 	vec3 color = texture2D(rendered, uv).rgb;
 	// translate to linear colorspace (approximate)
+#ifdef GL_ES
+	// clamp color to [0,1] range in lieu of centroids
 	color = pow(clamp(color, 0.0, 1.0), vec3(2.2));
+#else
+	color = pow(color, vec3(2.2));
+#endif
 
 	color *= exposureParams.compensationFactor * bloomStrength;
 

client/shaders/nodes_shader/opengl_fragment.glsl

@@ -43,11 +43,14 @@ varying vec3 vPosition;
 // cameraOffset + worldPosition (for large coordinates the limits of float
 // precision must be considered).
 varying vec3 worldPosition;
-varying lowp vec4 varColor;
 #ifdef GL_ES
+varying lowp vec4 varColor;
 varying mediump vec2 varTexCoord;
+varying float nightRatio;
 #else
+centroid varying lowp vec4 varColor;
 centroid varying vec2 varTexCoord;
+centroid varying float nightRatio;
 #endif
 varying highp vec3 eyeVec;
 varying float nightRatio;

client/shaders/nodes_shader/opengl_vertex.glsl

@@ -14,14 +14,17 @@ varying vec3 vPosition;
 // cameraOffset + worldPosition (for large coordinates the limits of float
 // precision must be considered).
 varying vec3 worldPosition;
-varying lowp vec4 varColor;
 // The centroid keyword ensures that after interpolation the texture coordinates
 // lie within the same bounds when MSAA is en- and disabled.
 // This fixes the stripes problem with nearest-neighbor textures and MSAA.
 #ifdef GL_ES
+varying lowp vec4 varColor;
 varying mediump vec2 varTexCoord;
+varying float nightRatio;
 #else
+centroid varying lowp vec4 varColor;
 centroid varying vec2 varTexCoord;
+centroid varying float nightRatio;
 #endif
 #ifdef ENABLE_DYNAMIC_SHADOWS
 	// shadow uniforms
@@ -47,6 +50,7 @@ varying highp vec3 eyeVec;
 varying float nightRatio;
 varying vec3 sunTint;
 varying float nightFactor;
+
 // Color of the light emitted by the light sources.
 uniform vec3 artificialLight;
 const float e = 2.718281828459;

doc/lua_api.md

@@ -188,7 +188,6 @@ Mod directory structure
     │   ├── models
     │   ├── textures
     │   │   ├── modname_stuff.png
-    │   │   ├── modname_stuff_normal.png
     │   │   ├── modname_something_else.png
     │   │   ├── subfolder_foo
     │   │   │   ├── modname_more_stuff.png
@@ -318,7 +317,7 @@ Many glTF features are not supported *yet*, including:
 
 * Animations
   * Only a single animation is supported, use frame ranges within this animation.
-  * Only linear interpolation is supported.
+  * `CUBICSPLINE` interpolation is not supported.
 * Cameras
 * Materials
   * Only base color textures are supported

games/devtest/mods/gltf/init.lua

@@ -55,6 +55,20 @@ core.register_entity("gltf:simple_skin", {
 	end
 })
 
+core.register_entity("gltf:simple_skin_step", {
+	initial_properties = {
+		infotext = "Simple skin, but using STEP interpolation",
+		visual = "mesh",
+		visual_size = vector.new(5, 5, 5),
+		mesh = "gltf_simple_skin_step.gltf",
+		textures = {},
+		backface_culling = false
+	},
+	on_activate = function(self)
+		self.object:set_animation({x = 0, y = 5.5}, 1)
+	end
+})
+
 -- The claws rendering incorrectly from one side is expected behavior:
 -- They use an unsupported double-sided material.
 core.register_entity("gltf:frog", {

games/devtest/mods/gltf/models/gltf_simple_skin_step.gltf

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"scene":0,"scenes":[{"nodes":[0,1]}],"nodes":[{"skin":0,"mesh":0},{"children":[2]},{"translation":[0.0,1.0,0.0],"rotation":[0.0,0.0,0.0,1.0]}],"meshes":[{"primitives":[{"attributes":{"POSITION":1,"JOINTS_0":2,"WEIGHTS_0":3},"indices":0}]}],"skins":[{"inverseBindMatrices":4,"joints":[1,2]}],"animations":[{"channels":[{"sampler":0,"target":{"node":2,"path":"rotation"}}],"samplers":[{"input":5,"interpolation":"STEP","output":6}]}],"buffers":[{"uri":"data:application/gltf-buffer;base64,AAABAAMAAAADAAIAAgADAAUAAgAFAAQABAAFAAcABAAHAAYABgAHAAkABgAJAAgAAAAAvwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAvwAAAD8AAAAAAAAAPwAAAD8AAAAAAAAAvwAAgD8AAAAAAAAAPwAAgD8AAAAAAAAAvwAAwD8AAAAAAAAAPwAAwD8AAAAAAAAAvwAAAEAAAAAAAAAAPwAAAEAAAAAA","byteLength":168},{"uri":"data:application/gltf-buffer;base64,AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAgD8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIA/AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABAPwAAgD4AAAAAAAAAAAAAQD8AAIA+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/AAAAPwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPwAAAD8AAAAAAAAAAAAAgD4AAEA/AAAAAAAAAAAAAIA+AABAPwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAgD8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIA/AAAAAAAAAAA=","byteLength":320},{"uri":"data:application/gltf-buffer;base64,AACAPwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIA/AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAgD8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACAPwAAgD8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACAPwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIA/AAAAAAAAAAAAAIC/AAAAAAAAgD8=","byteLength":128},{"uri":"data:application/gltf-buffer;base64,AAAAAAAAAD8AAIA/AADAPwAAAEAAACBAAABAQAAAYEAAAIBAAACQQAAAoEAAALBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACAPwAAAAAAAAAAkxjEPkSLbD8AAAAAAAAAAPT9ND/0/TQ/AAAAAAAAAAD0/TQ/9P00PwAAAAAAAAAAkxjEPkSLbD8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIA/AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACAPwAAAAAAAAAAkxjEvkSLbD8AAAAAAAAAAPT9NL/0/TQ/AAAAAAAAAAD0/TS/9P00PwAAAAAAAAAAkxjEvkSLbD8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIA/","byteLength":240}],"bufferViews":[{"buffer":0,"byteLength":48,"target":34963},{"buffer":0,"byteOffset":48,"byteLength":120,"target":34962},{"buffer":1,"byteLength":320,"byteStride":16},{"buffer":2,"byteLength":128},{"buffer":3,"byteLength":240}],"accessors":[{"bufferView":0,"componentType":5123,"count":24,"type":"SCALAR"},{"bufferView":1,"componentType":5126,"count":10,"type":"VEC3","max":[0.5,2.0,0.0],"min":[-0.5,0.0,0.0]},{"bufferView":2,"componentType":5123,"count":10,"type":"VEC4"},{"bufferView":2,"byteOffset":160,"componentType":5126,"count":10,"type":"VEC4"},{"bufferView":3,"componentType":5126,"count":2,"type":"MAT4"},{"bufferView":4,"componentType":5126,"count":12,"type":"SCALAR","max":[5.5],"min":[0.0]},{"bufferView":4,"byteOffset":48,"componentType":5126,"count":12,"type":"VEC4","max":[0.0,0.0,0.707,1.0],"min":[0.0,0.0,-0.707,0.707]}],"asset":{"version":"2.0"}}

irr/include/CMeshBuffer.h

@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ public:
 	//! Index buffer
 	SIndexBuffer *Indices;
 	//! Bounding box of this meshbuffer.
-	core::aabbox3d<f32> BoundingBox;
+	core::aabbox3d<f32> BoundingBox{{0, 0, 0}};
 	//! Primitive type used for rendering (triangles, lines, ...)
 	E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE PrimitiveType;
 };

irr/include/EShaderTypes.h

@@ -1,85 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "irrTypes.h"
-
-namespace irr
-{
-namespace video
-{
-
-//! Compile target enumeration for the addHighLevelShaderMaterial() method.
-enum E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE
-{
-	EVST_VS_1_1 = 0,
-	EVST_VS_2_0,
-	EVST_VS_2_a,
-	EVST_VS_3_0,
-	EVST_VS_4_0,
-	EVST_VS_4_1,
-	EVST_VS_5_0,
-
-	//! This is not a type, but a value indicating how much types there are.
-	EVST_COUNT
-};
-
-//! Names for all vertex shader types, each entry corresponds to a E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE entry.
-const c8 *const VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE_NAMES[] = {
-		"vs_1_1",
-		"vs_2_0",
-		"vs_2_a",
-		"vs_3_0",
-		"vs_4_0",
-		"vs_4_1",
-		"vs_5_0",
-		0};
-
-//! Compile target enumeration for the addHighLevelShaderMaterial() method.
-enum E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE
-{
-	EPST_PS_1_1 = 0,
-	EPST_PS_1_2,
-	EPST_PS_1_3,
-	EPST_PS_1_4,
-	EPST_PS_2_0,
-	EPST_PS_2_a,
-	EPST_PS_2_b,
-	EPST_PS_3_0,
-	EPST_PS_4_0,
-	EPST_PS_4_1,
-	EPST_PS_5_0,
-
-	//! This is not a type, but a value indicating how much types there are.
-	EPST_COUNT
-};
-
-//! Names for all pixel shader types, each entry corresponds to a E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE entry.
-const c8 *const PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE_NAMES[] = {
-		"ps_1_1",
-		"ps_1_2",
-		"ps_1_3",
-		"ps_1_4",
-		"ps_2_0",
-		"ps_2_a",
-		"ps_2_b",
-		"ps_3_0",
-		"ps_4_0",
-		"ps_4_1",
-		"ps_5_0",
-		0};
-
-//! Enum for supported geometry shader types
-enum E_GEOMETRY_SHADER_TYPE
-{
-	EGST_GS_4_0 = 0,
-
-	//! This is not a type, but a value indicating how much types there are.
-	EGST_COUNT
-};
-
-//! String names for supported geometry shader types
-const c8 *const GEOMETRY_SHADER_TYPE_NAMES[] = {
-		"gs_4_0",
-		0};
-
-} // end namespace video
-} // end namespace irr

irr/include/IGPUProgrammingServices.h

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include "EShaderTypes.h"
 #include "EMaterialTypes.h"
 #include "EPrimitiveTypes.h"
 #include "path.h"
@@ -31,26 +30,15 @@ public:
 	virtual ~IGPUProgrammingServices() {}
 
 	//! Adds a new high-level shading material renderer to the VideoDriver.
-	/** Currently only HLSL/D3D9 and GLSL/OpenGL are supported.
+	/**
 	\param vertexShaderProgram String containing the source of the vertex
 	shader program. This can be 0 if no vertex program shall be used.
-	\param vertexShaderEntryPointName Name of the entry function of the
-	vertexShaderProgram (p.e. "main")
-	\param vsCompileTarget Vertex shader version the high level shader
-	shall be compiled to.
 	\param pixelShaderProgram String containing the source of the pixel
 	shader program. This can be 0 if no pixel shader shall be used.
-	\param pixelShaderEntryPointName Entry name of the function of the
-	pixelShaderProgram (p.e. "main")
-	\param psCompileTarget Pixel shader version the high level shader
-	shall be compiled to.
 	\param geometryShaderProgram String containing the source of the
 	geometry shader program. This can be 0 if no geometry shader shall be
 	used.
-	\param geometryShaderEntryPointName Entry name of the function of the
-	geometryShaderProgram (p.e. "main")
-	\param gsCompileTarget Geometry shader version the high level shader
-	shall be compiled to.
+	\param shaderName Name of the shader for debug purposes
 	\param inType Type of vertices passed to geometry shader
 	\param outType Type of vertices created by geometry shader
 	\param verticesOut Maximal number of vertices created by geometry
@@ -73,108 +61,43 @@ public:
 	error log and can be caught with a custom event receiver. */
 	virtual s32 addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
 			const c8 *vertexShaderProgram,
-			const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName,
-			E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget,
 			const c8 *pixelShaderProgram,
-			const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName,
-			E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget,
 			const c8 *geometryShaderProgram,
-			const c8 *geometryShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_GEOMETRY_SHADER_TYPE gsCompileTarget = EGST_GS_4_0,
+			const c8 *shaderName = nullptr,
 			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE inType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLES,
 			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE outType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP,
 			u32 verticesOut = 0,
-			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = 0,
+			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = nullptr,
 			E_MATERIAL_TYPE baseMaterial = video::EMT_SOLID,
 			s32 userData = 0) = 0;
 
 	//! convenience function for use without geometry shaders
 	s32 addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
 			const c8 *vertexShaderProgram,
-			const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget = EVST_VS_1_1,
-			const c8 *pixelShaderProgram = 0,
-			const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget = EPST_PS_1_1,
-			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = 0,
+			const c8 *pixelShaderProgram = nullptr,
+			const c8 *shaderName = nullptr,
+			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = nullptr,
 			E_MATERIAL_TYPE baseMaterial = video::EMT_SOLID,
 			s32 userData = 0)
 	{
 		return addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
-				vertexShaderProgram, vertexShaderEntryPointName,
-				vsCompileTarget, pixelShaderProgram,
-				pixelShaderEntryPointName, psCompileTarget,
-				0, "main", EGST_GS_4_0,
+				vertexShaderProgram, pixelShaderProgram,
+				nullptr, shaderName,
 				scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0,
 				callback, baseMaterial, userData);
 	}
 
-	//! convenience function for use with many defaults, without geometry shader
-	/** All shader names are set to "main" and compile targets are shader
-	type 1.1.
-	*/
-	s32 addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
-			const c8 *vertexShaderProgram,
-			const c8 *pixelShaderProgram = 0,
-			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = 0,
-			E_MATERIAL_TYPE baseMaterial = video::EMT_SOLID,
-			s32 userData = 0)
-	{
-		return addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
-				vertexShaderProgram, "main",
-				EVST_VS_1_1, pixelShaderProgram,
-				"main", EPST_PS_1_1,
-				0, "main", EGST_GS_4_0,
-				scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0,
-				callback, baseMaterial, userData);
-	}
-
-	//! convenience function for use with many defaults, with geometry shader
-	/** All shader names are set to "main" and compile targets are shader
-	type 1.1 and geometry shader 4.0.
-	*/
-	s32 addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
-			const c8 *vertexShaderProgram,
-			const c8 *pixelShaderProgram = 0,
-			const c8 *geometryShaderProgram = 0,
-			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE inType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLES,
-			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE outType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP,
-			u32 verticesOut = 0,
-			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = 0,
-			E_MATERIAL_TYPE baseMaterial = video::EMT_SOLID,
-			s32 userData = 0)
-	{
-		return addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
-				vertexShaderProgram, "main",
-				EVST_VS_1_1, pixelShaderProgram,
-				"main", EPST_PS_1_1,
-				geometryShaderProgram, "main", EGST_GS_4_0,
-				inType, outType, verticesOut,
-				callback, baseMaterial, userData);
-	}
-
 	//! Like addHighLevelShaderMaterial(), but loads from files.
 	/** \param vertexShaderProgramFileName Text file containing the source
 	of the vertex shader program. Set to empty string if no vertex shader
 	shall be created.
-	\param vertexShaderEntryPointName Name of the entry function of the
-	vertexShaderProgram  (p.e. "main")
-	\param vsCompileTarget Vertex shader version the high level shader
-	shall be compiled to.
 	\param pixelShaderProgramFileName Text file containing the source of
 	the pixel shader program. Set to empty string if no pixel shader shall
 	be created.
-	\param pixelShaderEntryPointName Entry name of the function of the
-	pixelShaderProgram (p.e. "main")
-	\param psCompileTarget Pixel shader version the high level shader
-	shall be compiled to.
 	\param geometryShaderProgramFileName Name of the source of
 	the geometry shader program. Set to empty string if no geometry shader
 	shall be created.
-	\param geometryShaderEntryPointName Entry name of the function of the
-	geometryShaderProgram (p.e. "main")
-	\param gsCompileTarget Geometry shader version the high level shader
-	shall be compiled to.
+	\param shaderName Name of the shader for debug purposes
 	\param inType Type of vertices passed to geometry shader
 	\param outType Type of vertices created by geometry shader
 	\param verticesOut Maximal number of vertices created by geometry
@@ -197,164 +120,16 @@ public:
 	error log and can be caught with a custom event receiver. */
 	virtual s32 addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
 			const io::path &vertexShaderProgramFileName,
-			const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName,
-			E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget,
 			const io::path &pixelShaderProgramFileName,
-			const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName,
-			E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget,
 			const io::path &geometryShaderProgramFileName,
-			const c8 *geometryShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_GEOMETRY_SHADER_TYPE gsCompileTarget = EGST_GS_4_0,
+			const c8 *shaderName = nullptr,
 			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE inType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLES,
 			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE outType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP,
 			u32 verticesOut = 0,
-			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = 0,
+			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = nullptr,
 			E_MATERIAL_TYPE baseMaterial = video::EMT_SOLID,
 			s32 userData = 0) = 0;
 
-	//! convenience function for use without geometry shaders
-	s32 addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
-			const io::path &vertexShaderProgramFileName,
-			const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget = EVST_VS_1_1,
-			const io::path &pixelShaderProgramFileName = "",
-			const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget = EPST_PS_1_1,
-			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = 0,
-			E_MATERIAL_TYPE baseMaterial = video::EMT_SOLID,
-			s32 userData = 0)
-	{
-		return addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
-				vertexShaderProgramFileName, vertexShaderEntryPointName,
-				vsCompileTarget, pixelShaderProgramFileName,
-				pixelShaderEntryPointName, psCompileTarget,
-				"", "main", EGST_GS_4_0,
-				scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0,
-				callback, baseMaterial, userData);
-	}
-
-	//! convenience function for use with many defaults, without geometry shader
-	/** All shader names are set to "main" and compile targets are shader
-	type 1.1.
-	*/
-	s32 addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
-			const io::path &vertexShaderProgramFileName,
-			const io::path &pixelShaderProgramFileName = "",
-			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = 0,
-			E_MATERIAL_TYPE baseMaterial = video::EMT_SOLID,
-			s32 userData = 0)
-	{
-		return addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
-				vertexShaderProgramFileName, "main",
-				EVST_VS_1_1, pixelShaderProgramFileName,
-				"main", EPST_PS_1_1,
-				"", "main", EGST_GS_4_0,
-				scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0,
-				callback, baseMaterial, userData);
-	}
-
-	//! convenience function for use with many defaults, with geometry shader
-	/** All shader names are set to "main" and compile targets are shader
-	type 1.1 and geometry shader 4.0.
-	*/
-	s32 addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
-			const io::path &vertexShaderProgramFileName,
-			const io::path &pixelShaderProgramFileName = "",
-			const io::path &geometryShaderProgramFileName = "",
-			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE inType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLES,
-			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE outType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP,
-			u32 verticesOut = 0,
-			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = 0,
-			E_MATERIAL_TYPE baseMaterial = video::EMT_SOLID,
-			s32 userData = 0)
-	{
-		return addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
-				vertexShaderProgramFileName, "main",
-				EVST_VS_1_1, pixelShaderProgramFileName,
-				"main", EPST_PS_1_1,
-				geometryShaderProgramFileName, "main", EGST_GS_4_0,
-				inType, outType, verticesOut,
-				callback, baseMaterial, userData);
-	}
-
-	//! Like addHighLevelShaderMaterial(), but loads from files.
-	/** \param vertexShaderProgram Text file handle containing the source
-	of the vertex shader program. Set to 0 if no vertex shader shall be
-	created.
-	\param vertexShaderEntryPointName Name of the entry function of the
-	vertexShaderProgram
-	\param vsCompileTarget Vertex shader version the high level shader
-	shall be compiled to.
-	\param pixelShaderProgram Text file handle containing the source of
-	the pixel shader program. Set to 0 if no pixel shader shall be created.
-	\param pixelShaderEntryPointName Entry name of the function of the
-	pixelShaderProgram (p.e. "main")
-	\param psCompileTarget Pixel shader version the high level shader
-	shall be compiled to.
-	\param geometryShaderProgram Text file handle containing the source of
-	the geometry shader program. Set to 0 if no geometry shader shall be
-	created.
-	\param geometryShaderEntryPointName Entry name of the function of the
-	geometryShaderProgram (p.e. "main")
-	\param gsCompileTarget Geometry shader version the high level shader
-	shall be compiled to.
-	\param inType Type of vertices passed to geometry shader
-	\param outType Type of vertices created by geometry shader
-	\param verticesOut Maximal number of vertices created by geometry
-	shader. If 0, maximal number supported is assumed.
-	\param callback Pointer to an implementation of
-	IShaderConstantSetCallBack in which you can set the needed vertex and
-	pixel shader program constants. Set this to 0 if you don't need this.
-	\param baseMaterial Base material which renderstates will be used to
-	shade the material.
-	\param userData a user data int. This int can be set to any value and
-	will be set as parameter in the callback method when calling
-	OnSetConstants(). In this way it is easily possible to use the same
-	callback method for multiple materials and distinguish between them
-	during the call.
-	\return Number of the material type which can be set in
-	SMaterial::MaterialType to use the renderer. -1 is returned if an
-	error occurred, e.g. if a shader program could not be compiled or a
-	compile target is not reachable. The error strings are then printed to
-	the error log and can be caught with a custom event receiver. */
-	virtual s32 addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
-			io::IReadFile *vertexShaderProgram,
-			const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName,
-			E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget,
-			io::IReadFile *pixelShaderProgram,
-			const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName,
-			E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget,
-			io::IReadFile *geometryShaderProgram,
-			const c8 *geometryShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_GEOMETRY_SHADER_TYPE gsCompileTarget = EGST_GS_4_0,
-			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE inType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLES,
-			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE outType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP,
-			u32 verticesOut = 0,
-			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = 0,
-			E_MATERIAL_TYPE baseMaterial = video::EMT_SOLID,
-			s32 userData = 0) = 0;
-
-	//! convenience function for use without geometry shaders
-	s32 addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
-			io::IReadFile *vertexShaderProgram,
-			const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget = EVST_VS_1_1,
-			io::IReadFile *pixelShaderProgram = 0,
-			const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget = EPST_PS_1_1,
-			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = 0,
-			E_MATERIAL_TYPE baseMaterial = video::EMT_SOLID,
-			s32 userData = 0)
-	{
-		return addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
-				vertexShaderProgram, vertexShaderEntryPointName,
-				vsCompileTarget, pixelShaderProgram,
-				pixelShaderEntryPointName, psCompileTarget,
-				0, "main", EGST_GS_4_0,
-				scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0,
-				callback, baseMaterial, userData);
-	}
-
 	//! Delete a shader material and associated data.
 	/**
 	After you have deleted a material it is invalid to still use and doing

irr/include/IGUIFont.h

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ public:
 	//! Calculates the width and height of a given string of text.
 	/** \return Returns width and height of the area covered by the text if
 	it would be drawn. */
-	virtual core::dimension2d<u32> getDimension(const wchar_t *text) const = 0;
+	virtual core::dimension2du getDimension(const wchar_t *text) const = 0;
 
 	//! Calculates the index of the character in the text which is on a specific position.
 	/** \param text: Text string.
@@ -82,10 +82,7 @@ public:
 	which supports kerning pairs a string such as 'Wo' may have the 'o'
 	tucked neatly under the 'W'.
 	*/
-	virtual s32 getKerningWidth(const wchar_t *thisLetter = 0, const wchar_t *previousLetter = 0) const = 0;
-
-	//! Returns the distance between letters
-	virtual s32 getKerningHeight() const = 0;
+	virtual core::vector2di getKerning(const wchar_t thisLetter = 0, const wchar_t previousLetter = 0) const = 0;
 
 	//! Define which characters should not be drawn by the font.
 	/** For example " " would not draw any space which is usually blank in

irr/include/IGUIFontBitmap.h

@@ -24,17 +24,6 @@ public:
 
 	//! returns the sprite number from a given character
 	virtual u32 getSpriteNoFromChar(const wchar_t *c) const = 0;
-
-	//! Gets kerning values (distance between letters) for the font. If no parameters are provided,
-	/** the global kerning distance is returned.
-	\param thisLetter: If this parameter is provided, the left side kerning for this letter is added
-	to the global kerning value. For example, a space might only be one pixel wide, but it may
-	be displayed as several pixels.
-	\param previousLetter: If provided, kerning is calculated for both letters and added to the global
-	kerning value. For example, EGFT_BITMAP will add the right kerning value of previousLetter to the
-	left side kerning value of thisLetter, then add the global value.
-	*/
-	s32 getKerningWidth(const wchar_t *thisLetter = 0, const wchar_t *previousLetter = 0) const override = 0;
 };
 
 } // end namespace gui

irr/include/IMeshManipulator.h

@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ public:
 		if (!mesh)
 			return true;
 		bool result = true;
-		core::aabbox3df bufferbox;
+		core::aabbox3df bufferbox{{0, 0, 0}};
 		for (u32 i = 0; i < mesh->getMeshBufferCount(); ++i) {
 			result &= apply(func, mesh->getMeshBuffer(i), boundingBoxUpdate);
 			if (boundingBoxUpdate) {
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ protected:
 		if (!buffer)
 			return true;
 
-		core::aabbox3df bufferbox;
+		core::aabbox3df bufferbox{{0, 0, 0}};
 		for (u32 i = 0; i < buffer->getVertexCount(); ++i) {
 			switch (buffer->getVertexType()) {
 			case video::EVT_STANDARD: {

irr/include/IVideoDriver.h

@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ struct SFrameStats {
 	u32 PrimitivesDrawn = 0;
 	//! Number of hardware buffers uploaded (new or updated)
 	u32 HWBuffersUploaded = 0;
-	//! Sum of uploaded hardware buffer size
-	u32 HWBuffersUploadedSize = 0;
+	//! Number of active hardware buffers
+	u32 HWBuffersActive = 0;
 };
 
 //! Interface to driver which is able to perform 2d and 3d graphics functions.
@@ -310,6 +310,18 @@ public:
 	0 or another texture first. */
 	virtual void removeAllTextures() = 0;
 
+	//! Eagerly upload buffer to hardware
+	/** This can be a good idea if you have a newly created or modified buffer,
+	which you know you will draw in the near future (e.g. end of same frame,
+	or next frame), because it gives the GPU driver to copy the contents. */
+	virtual void updateHardwareBuffer(const scene::IVertexBuffer *vb) = 0;
+
+	//! Eagerly upload buffer to hardware
+	/** This can be a good idea if you have a newly created or modified buffer,
+	which you know you will draw in the near future (e.g. end of same frame,
+	or next frame), because it gives the GPU driver to copy the contents. */
+	virtual void updateHardwareBuffer(const scene::IIndexBuffer *ib) = 0;
+
 	//! Remove hardware buffer
 	virtual void removeHardwareBuffer(const scene::IVertexBuffer *vb) = 0;
 

irr/include/SAnimatedMesh.h

@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ struct SAnimatedMesh final : public IAnimatedMesh
 	std::vector<IMesh *> Meshes;
 
 	//! The bounding box of this mesh
-	core::aabbox3d<f32> Box;
+	core::aabbox3d<f32> Box{{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
 
 	//! Default animation speed of this mesh.
 	f32 FramesPerSecond;

irr/include/SMesh.h

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ struct SMesh final : public IMesh
 	std::vector<u32> TextureSlots;
 
 	//! The bounding box of this mesh
-	core::aabbox3d<f32> BoundingBox;
+	core::aabbox3d<f32> BoundingBox{{0, 0, 0}};
 };
 
 } // end namespace scene

irr/include/SSkinMeshBuffer.h

@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ public:
 	video::SMaterial Material;
 	video::E_VERTEX_TYPE VertexType;
 
-	core::aabbox3d<f32> BoundingBox;
+	core::aabbox3d<f32> BoundingBox{{0, 0, 0}};
 
 	//! Primitive type used for rendering (triangles, lines, ...)
 	E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE PrimitiveType;

irr/include/SViewFrustum.h

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ struct SViewFrustum
 	core::plane3d<f32> planes[VF_PLANE_COUNT];
 
 	//! bounding box around the view frustum
-	core::aabbox3d<f32> boundingBox;
+	core::aabbox3d<f32> boundingBox{{0, 0, 0}};
 
 private:
 	//! Hold a copy of important transform matrices

irr/include/SkinnedMesh.h

@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ public:
 	//! Moves the mesh into static position.
 	void resetAnimation();
 
-	virtual void updateBoundingBox();
+	void updateBoundingBox();
 
 	//! Recovers the joints from the mesh
 	void recoverJointsFromMesh(std::vector<IBoneSceneNode *> &jointChildSceneNodes);
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ protected:
 	// doesn't allow taking a reference to individual elements.
 	std::vector<std::vector<char>> Vertices_Moved;
 
-	core::aabbox3d<f32> BoundingBox;
+	core::aabbox3d<f32> BoundingBox{{0, 0, 0}};
 
 	f32 EndFrame;
 	f32 FramesPerSecond;

irr/include/aabbox3d.h

@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ template <class T>
 class aabbox3d
 {
 public:
-	//! Default Constructor.
-	constexpr aabbox3d() :
-			MinEdge(-1, -1, -1), MaxEdge(1, 1, 1) {}
+	constexpr aabbox3d() = delete;
 	//! Constructor with min edge and max edge.
 	constexpr aabbox3d(const vector3d<T> &min, const vector3d<T> &max) :
 			MinEdge(min), MaxEdge(max) {}

irr/src/CAnimatedMeshSceneNode.h

@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ private:
 	void beginTransition();
 
 	core::array<video::SMaterial> Materials;
-	core::aabbox3d<f32> Box;
+	core::aabbox3d<f32> Box{{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
 	IAnimatedMesh *Mesh;
 
 	f32 StartFrame;

irr/src/CBillboardSceneNode.h

@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ private:
 	/** Note that we can't use the real boundingbox for culling because at that point
 		the camera which is used to calculate the billboard is not yet updated. So we only
 		know the real boundingbox after rendering - which is too late for culling. */
-	core::aabbox3d<f32> BBoxSafe;
+	core::aabbox3d<f32> BBoxSafe{{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
 
 	scene::SMeshBuffer *Buffer;
 };

irr/src/CBoneSceneNode.h

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ private:
 
 	u32 BoneIndex;
 
-	core::aabbox3d<f32> Box;
+	core::aabbox3d<f32> Box{-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f};
 
 	E_BONE_ANIMATION_MODE AnimationMode;
 	E_BONE_SKINNING_SPACE SkinningSpace;

irr/src/CDummyTransformationSceneNode.h

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ private:
 	void setPosition(const core::vector3df &newpos) override;
 
 	core::matrix4 RelativeTransformationMatrix;
-	core::aabbox3d<f32> Box;
+	core::aabbox3d<f32> Box{{0, 0, 0}};
 };
 
 } // end namespace scene

irr/src/CEmptySceneNode.h

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ public:
 	ISceneNode *clone(ISceneNode *newParent = 0, ISceneManager *newManager = 0) override;
 
 private:
-	core::aabbox3d<f32> Box;
+	core::aabbox3d<f32> Box{{0, 0, 0}};
 };
 
 } // end namespace scene

irr/src/CGLTFMeshFileLoader.cpp

@@ -677,8 +677,17 @@ void SelfType::MeshExtractor::loadAnimation(const std::size_t animIdx)
 	for (const auto &channel : anim.channels) {
 
 		const auto &sampler = anim.samplers.at(channel.sampler);
-		if (sampler.interpolation != tiniergltf::AnimationSampler::Interpolation::LINEAR)
-			throw std::runtime_error("unsupported interpolation, only linear interpolation is supported");
+
+		bool interpolate = ([&]() {
+			switch (sampler.interpolation) {
+				case tiniergltf::AnimationSampler::Interpolation::STEP:
+					return false;
+				case tiniergltf::AnimationSampler::Interpolation::LINEAR:
+					return true;
+				default:
+					throw std::runtime_error("Only STEP and LINEAR keyframe interpolation are supported");
+			}
+		})();
 
 		const auto inputAccessor = Accessor<f32>::make(m_gltf_model, sampler.input);
 		const auto n_frames = inputAccessor.getCount();
@@ -686,32 +695,38 @@ void SelfType::MeshExtractor::loadAnimation(const std::size_t animIdx)
 		if (!channel.target.node.has_value())
 			throw std::runtime_error("no animated node");
 
-		const auto &joint = m_loaded_nodes.at(*channel.target.node);
+		auto *joint = m_loaded_nodes.at(*channel.target.node);
 		switch (channel.target.path) {
 		case tiniergltf::AnimationChannelTarget::Path::TRANSLATION: {
 			const auto outputAccessor = Accessor<core::vector3df>::make(m_gltf_model, sampler.output);
+			auto &channel = joint->keys.position;
+			channel.interpolate = interpolate;
 			for (std::size_t i = 0; i < n_frames; ++i) {
 				f32 frame = inputAccessor.get(i);
 				core::vector3df position = outputAccessor.get(i);
-				m_irr_model->addPositionKey(joint, frame, convertHandedness(position));
+				channel.pushBack(frame, convertHandedness(position));
 			}
 			break;
 		}
 		case tiniergltf::AnimationChannelTarget::Path::ROTATION: {
 			const auto outputAccessor = Accessor<core::quaternion>::make(m_gltf_model, sampler.output);
+			auto &channel = joint->keys.rotation;
+			channel.interpolate = interpolate;
 			for (std::size_t i = 0; i < n_frames; ++i) {
 				f32 frame = inputAccessor.get(i);
 				core::quaternion rotation = outputAccessor.get(i);
-				m_irr_model->addRotationKey(joint, frame, convertHandedness(rotation));
+				channel.pushBack(frame, convertHandedness(rotation));
 			}
 			break;
 		}
 		case tiniergltf::AnimationChannelTarget::Path::SCALE: {
 			const auto outputAccessor = Accessor<core::vector3df>::make(m_gltf_model, sampler.output);
+			auto &channel = joint->keys.scale;
+			channel.interpolate = interpolate;
 			for (std::size_t i = 0; i < n_frames; ++i) {
 				f32 frame = inputAccessor.get(i);
 				core::vector3df scale = outputAccessor.get(i);
-				m_irr_model->addScaleKey(joint, frame, scale);
+				channel.pushBack(frame, scale);
 			}
 			break;
 		}

irr/src/CGUIEditBox.cpp

@@ -788,9 +788,9 @@ void CGUIEditBox::draw()
 						mbegin = font->getDimension(s.c_str()).Width;
 
 						// deal with kerning
-						mbegin += font->getKerningWidth(
-								&((*txtLine)[realmbgn - startPos]),
-								realmbgn - startPos > 0 ? &((*txtLine)[realmbgn - startPos - 1]) : 0);
+						mbegin += font->getKerning(
+								(*txtLine)[realmbgn - startPos],
+								realmbgn - startPos > 0 ? (*txtLine)[realmbgn - startPos - 1] : 0).X;
 
 						lineStartPos = realmbgn - startPos;
 					}
@@ -832,7 +832,8 @@ void CGUIEditBox::draw()
 			}
 			s = txtLine->subString(0, CursorPos - startPos);
 			charcursorpos = font->getDimension(s.c_str()).Width +
-							font->getKerningWidth(CursorChar.c_str(), CursorPos - startPos > 0 ? &((*txtLine)[CursorPos - startPos - 1]) : 0);
+							font->getKerning(CursorChar[0],
+							CursorPos - startPos > 0 ? (*txtLine)[CursorPos - startPos - 1] : 0).X;
 
 			if (focus && (CursorBlinkTime == 0 || (os::Timer::getTime() - BlinkStartTime) % (2 * CursorBlinkTime) < CursorBlinkTime)) {
 				setTextRect(cursorLine);
@@ -1194,7 +1195,7 @@ void CGUIEditBox::setTextRect(s32 line)
 		d = font->getDimension(Text.c_str());
 		d.Height = AbsoluteRect.getHeight();
 	}
-	d.Height += font->getKerningHeight();
+	d.Height += font->getKerning(L'A').Y;
 
 	// justification
 	switch (HAlign) {
@@ -1382,7 +1383,7 @@ void CGUIEditBox::calculateScrollPos()
 
 	// calculate vertical scrolling
 	if (hasBrokenText) {
-		irr::u32 lineHeight = font->getDimension(L"A").Height + font->getKerningHeight();
+		irr::u32 lineHeight = font->getDimension(L"A").Height + font->getKerning(L'A').Y;
 		// only up to 1 line fits?
 		if (lineHeight >= (irr::u32)FrameRect.getHeight()) {
 			VScrollPos = 0;

irr/src/CGUIFont.cpp

@@ -53,141 +53,6 @@ CGUIFont::~CGUIFont()
 	}
 }
 
-#if 0
-//! loads a font file from xml
-bool CGUIFont::load(io::IXMLReader* xml, const io::path& directory)
-{
-	if (!SpriteBank)
-		return false;
-
-	SpriteBank->clear();
-
-	while (xml->read())
-	{
-		if (io::EXN_ELEMENT == xml->getNodeType())
-		{
-			if (core::stringw(L"Texture") == xml->getNodeName())
-			{
-				// add a texture
-				core::stringc fn = xml->getAttributeValue(L"filename");
-				u32 i = (u32)xml->getAttributeValueAsInt(L"index");
-				core::stringw alpha = xml->getAttributeValue(L"hasAlpha");
-
-				while (i+1 > SpriteBank->getTextureCount())
-					SpriteBank->addTexture(0);
-
-				bool flags[3];
-				pushTextureCreationFlags(flags);
-
-				// load texture
-				io::path textureFullName = core::mergeFilename(directory, fn);
-				SpriteBank->setTexture(i, Driver->getTexture(textureFullName));
-
-				popTextureCreationFlags(flags);
-
-				// couldn't load texture, abort.
-				if (!SpriteBank->getTexture(i))
-				{
-					os::Printer::log("Unable to load all textures in the font, aborting", ELL_ERROR);
-					return false;
-				}
-				else
-				{
-					// colorkey texture rather than alpha channel?
-					if (alpha == core::stringw("false"))
-						Driver->makeColorKeyTexture(SpriteBank->getTexture(i), core::position2di(0,0));
-				}
-			}
-			else if (core::stringw(L"c") == xml->getNodeName())
-			{
-				// adding a character to this font
-				SFontArea a;
-				SGUISpriteFrame f;
-				SGUISprite s;
-				core::rect<s32> rectangle;
-
-				a.underhang     = xml->getAttributeValueAsInt(L"u");
-				a.overhang      = xml->getAttributeValueAsInt(L"o");
-				a.spriteno      = SpriteBank->getSprites().size();
-				s32 texno       = xml->getAttributeValueAsInt(L"i");
-
-				// parse rectangle
-				core::stringc rectstr   = xml->getAttributeValue(L"r");
-				wchar_t ch      = xml->getAttributeValue(L"c")[0];
-
-				const c8 *c = rectstr.c_str();
-				s32 val;
-				val = 0;
-				while (*c >= '0' && *c <= '9')
-				{
-					val *= 10;
-					val += *c - '0';
-					c++;
-				}
-				rectangle.UpperLeftCorner.X = val;
-				while (*c == L' ' || *c == L',') c++;
-
-				val = 0;
-				while (*c >= '0' && *c <= '9')
-				{
-					val *= 10;
-					val += *c - '0';
-					c++;
-				}
-				rectangle.UpperLeftCorner.Y = val;
-				while (*c == L' ' || *c == L',') c++;
-
-				val = 0;
-				while (*c >= '0' && *c <= '9')
-				{
-					val *= 10;
-					val += *c - '0';
-					c++;
-				}
-				rectangle.LowerRightCorner.X = val;
-				while (*c == L' ' || *c == L',') c++;
-
-				val = 0;
-				while (*c >= '0' && *c <= '9')
-				{
-					val *= 10;
-					val += *c - '0';
-					c++;
-				}
-				rectangle.LowerRightCorner.Y = val;
-
-				CharacterMap.emplace(ch, Areas.size());
-
-				// make frame
-				f.rectNumber = SpriteBank->getPositions().size();
-				f.textureNumber = texno;
-
-				// add frame to sprite
-				s.Frames.push_back(f);
-				s.frameTime = 0;
-
-				// add rectangle to sprite bank
-				SpriteBank->getPositions().push_back(rectangle);
-				a.width = rectangle.getWidth();
-
-				// add sprite to sprite bank
-				SpriteBank->getSprites().push_back(s);
-
-				// add character to font
-				Areas.push_back(a);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	// set bad character
-	WrongCharacter = getAreaFromCharacter(L' ');
-
-	setMaxHeight();
-
-	return true;
-}
-#endif
-
 void CGUIFont::setMaxHeight()
 {
 	if (!SpriteBank)
@@ -365,17 +230,15 @@ void CGUIFont::setKerningWidth(s32 kerning)
 	GlobalKerningWidth = kerning;
 }
 
-//! set an Pixel Offset on Drawing ( scale position on width )
-s32 CGUIFont::getKerningWidth(const wchar_t *thisLetter, const wchar_t *previousLetter) const
+core::vector2di CGUIFont::getKerning(const wchar_t thisLetter, const wchar_t previousLetter) const
 {
-	s32 ret = GlobalKerningWidth;
+	core::vector2di ret(GlobalKerningWidth, GlobalKerningHeight);
 
 	if (thisLetter) {
-		ret += Areas[getAreaFromCharacter(*thisLetter)].overhang;
+		ret.X += Areas[getAreaFromCharacter(thisLetter)].overhang;
 
-		if (previousLetter) {
-			ret += Areas[getAreaFromCharacter(*previousLetter)].underhang;
-		}
+		if (previousLetter)
+			ret.X += Areas[getAreaFromCharacter(previousLetter)].underhang;
 	}
 
 	return ret;
@@ -387,12 +250,6 @@ void CGUIFont::setKerningHeight(s32 kerning)
 	GlobalKerningHeight = kerning;
 }
 
-//! set an Pixel Offset on Drawing ( scale position on height )
-s32 CGUIFont::getKerningHeight() const
-{
-	return GlobalKerningHeight;
-}
-
 //! returns the sprite number from a given character
 u32 CGUIFont::getSpriteNoFromChar(const wchar_t *c) const
 {

irr/src/CGUIFont.h

@@ -58,8 +58,7 @@ public:
 	void setKerningHeight(s32 kerning) override;
 
 	//! set an Pixel Offset on Drawing ( scale position on width )
-	s32 getKerningWidth(const wchar_t *thisLetter = 0, const wchar_t *previousLetter = 0) const override;
-	s32 getKerningHeight() const override;
+	core::vector2di getKerning(const wchar_t thisLetter, const wchar_t previousLetter) const override;
 
 	//! gets the sprite bank
 	IGUISpriteBank *getSpriteBank() const override;

irr/src/CGUIStaticText.cpp

@@ -74,10 +74,12 @@ void CGUIStaticText::draw()
 		IGUIFont *font = getActiveFont();
 
 		if (font) {
+			s32 kerningHeight = font->getKerning(L'A').Y;
+
 			if (!WordWrap) {
 				if (VAlign == EGUIA_LOWERRIGHT) {
 					frameRect.UpperLeftCorner.Y = frameRect.LowerRightCorner.Y -
-												  font->getDimension(L"A").Height - font->getKerningHeight();
+												  font->getDimension(L"A").Height - kerningHeight;
 				}
 				if (HAlign == EGUIA_LOWERRIGHT) {
 					frameRect.UpperLeftCorner.X = frameRect.LowerRightCorner.X -
@@ -92,7 +94,7 @@ void CGUIStaticText::draw()
 					breakText();
 
 				core::rect<s32> r = frameRect;
-				s32 height = font->getDimension(L"A").Height + font->getKerningHeight();
+				s32 height = font->getDimension(L"A").Height + kerningHeight;
 				s32 totalHeight = height * BrokenText.size();
 				if (VAlign == EGUIA_CENTER) {
 					r.UpperLeftCorner.Y = r.getCenter().Y - (totalHeight / 2);
@@ -471,7 +473,7 @@ s32 CGUIStaticText::getTextHeight() const
 		return 0;
 
 	if (WordWrap) {
-		s32 height = font->getDimension(L"A").Height + font->getKerningHeight();
+		s32 height = font->getDimension(L"A").Height + font->getKerning(L'A').Y;
 		return height * BrokenText.size();
 	} else {
 		// TODO: Text can have multiple lines which are not in BrokenText

irr/src/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -348,6 +348,7 @@ if(ENABLE_OPENGL3 OR ENABLE_GLES2)
 		OpenGL/FixedPipelineRenderer.cpp
 		OpenGL/MaterialRenderer.cpp
 		OpenGL/Renderer2D.cpp
+		OpenGL/VBO.cpp
 	)
 endif()
 

irr/src/CMeshSceneNode.h

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ protected:
 	void copyMaterials();
 
 	core::array<video::SMaterial> Materials;
-	core::aabbox3d<f32> Box;
+	core::aabbox3d<f32> Box{{0, 0, 0}};
 	video::SMaterial ReadOnlyMaterial;
 
 	IMesh *Mesh;

irr/src/CNullDriver.cpp

@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ bool CNullDriver::beginScene(u16 clearFlag, SColor clearColor, f32 clearDepth, u
 bool CNullDriver::endScene()
 {
 	FPSCounter.registerFrame(os::Timer::getRealTime());
-	updateAllHardwareBuffers();
+	expireHardwareBuffers();
 	updateAllOcclusionQueries();
 	return true;
 }
@@ -1141,32 +1141,68 @@ CNullDriver::SHWBufferLink *CNullDriver::getBufferLink(const scene::IIndexBuffer
 	return createHardwareBuffer(ib); // no hardware links, and mesh wants one, create it
 }
 
-//! Update all hardware buffers, remove unused ones
-void CNullDriver::updateAllHardwareBuffers()
+void CNullDriver::registerHardwareBuffer(SHWBufferLink *HWBuffer)
 {
-	auto it = HWBufferList.begin();
-	while (it != HWBufferList.end()) {
-		SHWBufferLink *Link = *it;
-		++it;
+	_IRR_DEBUG_BREAK_IF(!HWBuffer)
+	HWBuffer->ListPosition = HWBufferList.size();
+	HWBufferList.push_back(HWBuffer);
+}
 
-		if (Link->IsVertex) {
-			if (!Link->VertexBuffer || Link->VertexBuffer->getReferenceCount() == 1)
-				deleteHardwareBuffer(Link);
-		} else {
-			if (!Link->IndexBuffer || Link->IndexBuffer->getReferenceCount() == 1)
+void CNullDriver::expireHardwareBuffers()
+{
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < HWBufferList.size(); ) {
+		auto *Link = HWBufferList[i];
+
+		bool del;
+		if (Link->IsVertex)
+			del = !Link->VertexBuffer || Link->VertexBuffer->getReferenceCount() == 1;
+		else
+			del = !Link->IndexBuffer || Link->IndexBuffer->getReferenceCount() == 1;
+		// deleting can reorder, so don't advance in list
+		if (del)
 			deleteHardwareBuffer(Link);
+		else
+			i++;
 	}
-	}
+
+	FrameStats.HWBuffersActive = HWBufferList.size();
 }
 
 void CNullDriver::deleteHardwareBuffer(SHWBufferLink *HWBuffer)
 {
 	if (!HWBuffer)
 		return;
-	HWBufferList.erase(HWBuffer->listPosition);
+	const size_t pos = HWBuffer->ListPosition;
+	_IRR_DEBUG_BREAK_IF(HWBufferList.at(pos) != HWBuffer)
+	if (HWBufferList.size() < 2 || pos == HWBufferList.size() - 1) {
+		HWBufferList.erase(HWBufferList.begin() + pos);
+	} else {
+		// swap with last
+		std::swap(HWBufferList[pos], HWBufferList.back());
+		HWBufferList.pop_back();
+		HWBufferList[pos]->ListPosition = pos;
+	}
 	delete HWBuffer;
 }
 
+void CNullDriver::updateHardwareBuffer(const scene::IVertexBuffer *vb)
+{
+	if (!vb)
+		return;
+	auto *link = getBufferLink(vb);
+	if (link)
+		updateHardwareBuffer(link);
+}
+
+void CNullDriver::updateHardwareBuffer(const scene::IIndexBuffer *ib)
+{
+	if (!ib)
+		return;
+	auto *link = getBufferLink(ib);
+	if (link)
+		updateHardwareBuffer(link);
+}
+
 void CNullDriver::removeHardwareBuffer(const scene::IVertexBuffer *vb)
 {
 	if (!vb)
@@ -1484,34 +1520,24 @@ IGPUProgrammingServices *CNullDriver::getGPUProgrammingServices()
 //! Adds a new material renderer to the VideoDriver, based on a high level shading language.
 s32 CNullDriver::addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
 		const c8 *vertexShaderProgram,
-		const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget,
 		const c8 *pixelShaderProgram,
-		const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget,
 		const c8 *geometryShaderProgram,
-		const c8 *geometryShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_GEOMETRY_SHADER_TYPE gsCompileTarget,
+		const c8 *shaderName,
 		scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE inType, scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE outType,
 		u32 verticesOut,
 		IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback,
 		E_MATERIAL_TYPE baseMaterial,
 		s32 userData)
 {
-	os::Printer::log("High level shader materials not available (yet) in this driver, sorry");
+	os::Printer::log("Shader materials not available in this driver", ELL_ERROR);
 	return -1;
 }
 
 s32 CNullDriver::addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
 		const io::path &vertexShaderProgramFileName,
-		const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget,
 		const io::path &pixelShaderProgramFileName,
-		const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget,
 		const io::path &geometryShaderProgramFileName,
-		const c8 *geometryShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_GEOMETRY_SHADER_TYPE gsCompileTarget,
+		const c8 *shaderName,
 		scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE inType, scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE outType,
 		u32 verticesOut,
 		IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback,
@@ -1547,9 +1573,7 @@ s32 CNullDriver::addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
 	}
 
 	s32 result = addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
-			vsfile, vertexShaderEntryPointName, vsCompileTarget,
-			psfile, pixelShaderEntryPointName, psCompileTarget,
-			gsfile, geometryShaderEntryPointName, gsCompileTarget,
+			vsfile, psfile, gsfile, shaderName,
 			inType, outType, verticesOut,
 			callback, baseMaterial, userData);
 
@@ -1567,14 +1591,9 @@ s32 CNullDriver::addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
 
 s32 CNullDriver::addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
 		io::IReadFile *vertexShaderProgram,
-		const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget,
 		io::IReadFile *pixelShaderProgram,
-		const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget,
 		io::IReadFile *geometryShaderProgram,
-		const c8 *geometryShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_GEOMETRY_SHADER_TYPE gsCompileTarget,
+		const c8 *shaderName,
 		scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE inType, scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE outType,
 		u32 verticesOut,
 		IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback,
@@ -1620,9 +1639,7 @@ s32 CNullDriver::addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
 	}
 
 	s32 result = this->addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
-			vs, vertexShaderEntryPointName, vsCompileTarget,
-			ps, pixelShaderEntryPointName, psCompileTarget,
-			gs, geometryShaderEntryPointName, gsCompileTarget,
+			vs, ps, gs, shaderName,
 			inType, outType, verticesOut,
 			callback, baseMaterial, userData);
 

irr/src/CNullDriver.h

@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 #include "S3DVertex.h"
 #include "SVertexIndex.h"
 #include "SExposedVideoData.h"
-#include <list>
 
 namespace irr
 {
@@ -293,7 +292,7 @@ protected:
 	struct SHWBufferLink
 	{
 		SHWBufferLink(const scene::IVertexBuffer *vb) :
-				VertexBuffer(vb), ChangedID(0), IsVertex(true)
+				VertexBuffer(vb), IsVertex(true)
 		{
 			if (VertexBuffer) {
 				VertexBuffer->grab();
@@ -301,7 +300,7 @@ protected:
 			}
 		}
 		SHWBufferLink(const scene::IIndexBuffer *ib) :
-				IndexBuffer(ib), ChangedID(0), IsVertex(false)
+				IndexBuffer(ib), IsVertex(false)
 		{
 			if (IndexBuffer) {
 				IndexBuffer->grab();
@@ -324,9 +323,9 @@ protected:
 			const scene::IVertexBuffer *VertexBuffer;
 			const scene::IIndexBuffer *IndexBuffer;
 		};
-		u32 ChangedID;
+		size_t ListPosition = static_cast<size_t>(-1);
+		u32 ChangedID = 0;
 		bool IsVertex;
-		std::list<SHWBufferLink*>::iterator listPosition;
 	};
 
 	//! Gets hardware buffer link from a vertex buffer (may create or update buffer)
@@ -348,6 +347,10 @@ protected:
 	virtual SHWBufferLink *createHardwareBuffer(const scene::IIndexBuffer *ib) { return 0; }
 
 public:
+	virtual void updateHardwareBuffer(const scene::IVertexBuffer *vb) override;
+
+	virtual void updateHardwareBuffer(const scene::IIndexBuffer *ib) override;
+
 	//! Remove hardware buffer
 	void removeHardwareBuffer(const scene::IVertexBuffer *vb) override;
 
@@ -357,8 +360,8 @@ public:
 	//! Remove all hardware buffers
 	void removeAllHardwareBuffers() override;
 
-	//! Update all hardware buffers, remove unused ones
-	virtual void updateAllHardwareBuffers();
+	//! Run garbage-collection on all HW buffers
+	void expireHardwareBuffers();
 
 	//! is vbo recommended?
 	virtual bool isHardwareBufferRecommend(const scene::IVertexBuffer *mb);
@@ -446,54 +449,39 @@ public:
 	//! Adds a new material renderer to the VideoDriver, based on a high level shading language.
 	virtual s32 addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
 			const c8 *vertexShaderProgram,
-			const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName = 0,
-			E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget = EVST_VS_1_1,
-			const c8 *pixelShaderProgram = 0,
-			const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName = 0,
-			E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget = EPST_PS_1_1,
-			const c8 *geometryShaderProgram = 0,
-			const c8 *geometryShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_GEOMETRY_SHADER_TYPE gsCompileTarget = EGST_GS_4_0,
+			const c8 *pixelShaderProgram,
+			const c8 *geometryShaderProgram,
+			const c8 *shaderName = nullptr,
 			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE inType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLES,
 			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE outType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP,
 			u32 verticesOut = 0,
-			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = 0,
+			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = nullptr,
 			E_MATERIAL_TYPE baseMaterial = video::EMT_SOLID,
-			s32 userData = 0) override;
+			s32 userData = 0)override;
 
 	virtual s32 addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
-			const io::path &vertexShaderProgramFile,
-			const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget = EVST_VS_1_1,
-			const io::path &pixelShaderProgramFile = "",
-			const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget = EPST_PS_1_1,
-			const io::path &geometryShaderProgramFileName = "",
-			const c8 *geometryShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_GEOMETRY_SHADER_TYPE gsCompileTarget = EGST_GS_4_0,
+			const io::path &vertexShaderProgramFileName,
+			const io::path &pixelShaderProgramFileName,
+			const io::path &geometryShaderProgramFileName,
+			const c8 *shaderName = nullptr,
 			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE inType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLES,
 			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE outType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP,
 			u32 verticesOut = 0,
-			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = 0,
+			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = nullptr,
 			E_MATERIAL_TYPE baseMaterial = video::EMT_SOLID,
 			s32 userData = 0) override;
 
-	virtual s32 addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
+	s32 addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(
 			io::IReadFile *vertexShaderProgram,
-			const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget = EVST_VS_1_1,
 			io::IReadFile *pixelShaderProgram = 0,
-			const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget = EPST_PS_1_1,
 			io::IReadFile *geometryShaderProgram = 0,
-			const c8 *geometryShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_GEOMETRY_SHADER_TYPE gsCompileTarget = EGST_GS_4_0,
+			const c8 *shaderName = nullptr,
 			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE inType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLES,
 			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE outType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP,
 			u32 verticesOut = 0,
-			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = 0,
+			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = nullptr,
 			E_MATERIAL_TYPE baseMaterial = video::EMT_SOLID,
-			s32 userData = 0) override;
+			s32 userData = 0);
 
 	virtual void deleteShaderMaterial(s32 material) override;
 
@@ -578,13 +566,16 @@ protected:
 	//! deletes all material renderers
 	void deleteMaterialRenders();
 
+	// adds a created hardware buffer to the relevant data structure
+	void registerHardwareBuffer(SHWBufferLink *HWBuffer);
+
 	// prints renderer version
 	void printVersion();
 
 	inline void accountHWBufferUpload(u32 size)
 	{
 		FrameStats.HWBuffersUploaded++;
-		FrameStats.HWBuffersUploadedSize += size;
+		(void)size;
 	}
 
 	inline bool getWriteZBuffer(const SMaterial &material) const
@@ -701,7 +692,7 @@ protected:
 	core::array<video::IImageWriter *> SurfaceWriter;
 	core::array<SMaterialRenderer> MaterialRenderers;
 
-	std::list<SHWBufferLink *> HWBufferList;
+	std::vector<SHWBufferLink *> HWBufferList;
 
 	io::IFileSystem *FileSystem;
 

irr/src/COpenGLDriver.cpp

@@ -430,9 +430,7 @@ COpenGLDriver::SHWBufferLink *COpenGLDriver::createHardwareBuffer(const scene::I
 		return 0;
 
 	SHWBufferLink_opengl *HWBuffer = new SHWBufferLink_opengl(vb);
-
-	// add to map
-	HWBuffer->listPosition = HWBufferList.insert(HWBufferList.end(), HWBuffer);
+	registerHardwareBuffer(HWBuffer);
 
 	if (!updateVertexHardwareBuffer(HWBuffer)) {
 		deleteHardwareBuffer(HWBuffer);
@@ -453,9 +451,7 @@ COpenGLDriver::SHWBufferLink *COpenGLDriver::createHardwareBuffer(const scene::I
 		return 0;
 
 	SHWBufferLink_opengl *HWBuffer = new SHWBufferLink_opengl(ib);
-
-	// add to map
-	HWBuffer->listPosition = HWBufferList.insert(HWBufferList.end(), HWBuffer);
+	registerHardwareBuffer(HWBuffer);
 
 	if (!updateIndexHardwareBuffer(HWBuffer)) {
 		deleteHardwareBuffer(HWBuffer);
@@ -2658,14 +2654,9 @@ bool COpenGLDriver::setPixelShaderConstant(s32 index, const u32 *ints, int count
 //! Adds a new material renderer to the VideoDriver, using GLSL to render geometry.
 s32 COpenGLDriver::addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
 		const c8 *vertexShaderProgram,
-		const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget,
 		const c8 *pixelShaderProgram,
-		const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget,
 		const c8 *geometryShaderProgram,
-		const c8 *geometryShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_GEOMETRY_SHADER_TYPE gsCompileTarget,
+		const c8 *shaderName,
 		scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE inType,
 		scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE outType,
 		u32 verticesOut,
@@ -2677,9 +2668,9 @@ s32 COpenGLDriver::addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
 
 	COpenGLSLMaterialRenderer *r = new COpenGLSLMaterialRenderer(
 			this, nr,
-			vertexShaderProgram, vertexShaderEntryPointName, vsCompileTarget,
-			pixelShaderProgram, pixelShaderEntryPointName, psCompileTarget,
-			geometryShaderProgram, geometryShaderEntryPointName, gsCompileTarget,
+			vertexShaderProgram,
+			pixelShaderProgram,
+			geometryShaderProgram,
 			inType, outType, verticesOut,
 			callback, baseMaterial, userData);
 

irr/src/COpenGLDriver.h

@@ -240,18 +240,13 @@ public:
 	//! Adds a new material renderer to the VideoDriver, using GLSL to render geometry.
 	virtual s32 addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
 			const c8 *vertexShaderProgram,
-			const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName,
-			E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget,
 			const c8 *pixelShaderProgram,
-			const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName,
-			E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget,
 			const c8 *geometryShaderProgram,
-			const c8 *geometryShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_GEOMETRY_SHADER_TYPE gsCompileTarget = EGST_GS_4_0,
+			const c8 *shaderName = nullptr,
 			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE inType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLES,
 			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE outType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP,
 			u32 verticesOut = 0,
-			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = 0,
+			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = nullptr,
 			E_MATERIAL_TYPE baseMaterial = video::EMT_SOLID,
 			s32 userData = 0) override;
 

irr/src/COpenGLSLMaterialRenderer.cpp

@@ -34,14 +34,8 @@ namespace video
 //! Constructor
 COpenGLSLMaterialRenderer::COpenGLSLMaterialRenderer(video::COpenGLDriver *driver,
 		s32 &outMaterialTypeNr, const c8 *vertexShaderProgram,
-		const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget,
 		const c8 *pixelShaderProgram,
-		const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget,
 		const c8 *geometryShaderProgram,
-		const c8 *geometryShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_GEOMETRY_SHADER_TYPE gsCompileTarget,
 		scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE inType, scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE outType,
 		u32 verticesOut,
 		IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback,

irr/src/COpenGLSLMaterialRenderer.h

@@ -33,14 +33,8 @@ public:
 			COpenGLDriver *driver,
 			s32 &outMaterialTypeNr,
 			const c8 *vertexShaderProgram = 0,
-			const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName = 0,
-			E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget = video::EVST_VS_1_1,
 			const c8 *pixelShaderProgram = 0,
-			const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName = 0,
-			E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget = video::EPST_PS_1_1,
 			const c8 *geometryShaderProgram = 0,
-			const c8 *geometryShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_GEOMETRY_SHADER_TYPE gsCompileTarget = EGST_GS_4_0,
 			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE inType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLES,
 			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE outType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP,
 			u32 verticesOut = 0,

irr/src/CSceneManager.cpp

@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ const core::aabbox3d<f32> &CSceneManager::getBoundingBox() const
 {
 	_IRR_DEBUG_BREAK_IF(true) // Bounding Box of Scene Manager should never be used.
 
-	static const core::aabbox3d<f32> dummy;
+	static const core::aabbox3d<f32> dummy{{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
 	return dummy;
 }
 

irr/src/OpenGL/Common.h

@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ typedef COpenGLCoreTexture<COpenGL3DriverBase> COpenGL3Texture;
 typedef COpenGLCoreRenderTarget<COpenGL3DriverBase, COpenGL3Texture> COpenGL3RenderTarget;
 typedef COpenGLCoreCacheHandler<COpenGL3DriverBase, COpenGL3Texture> COpenGL3CacheHandler;
 
+class OpenGLVBO;
+
 enum OpenGLSpec : u8
 {
 	Core,

irr/src/OpenGL/Driver.cpp

@@ -177,6 +177,8 @@ COpenGL3DriverBase::COpenGL3DriverBase(const SIrrlichtCreationParameters &params
 
 COpenGL3DriverBase::~COpenGL3DriverBase()
 {
+	QuadIndexVBO.destroy();
+
 	deleteMaterialRenders();
 
 	CacheHandler->getTextureCache().clear();
@@ -198,12 +200,16 @@ COpenGL3DriverBase::~COpenGL3DriverBase()
 	}
 }
 
-void COpenGL3DriverBase::initQuadsIndices(int max_vertex_count)
+void COpenGL3DriverBase::initQuadsIndices(u32 max_vertex_count)
 {
-	int max_quad_count = max_vertex_count / 4;
-	std::vector<GLushort> QuadsIndices;
-	QuadsIndices.reserve(6 * max_quad_count);
-	for (int k = 0; k < max_quad_count; k++) {
+	u32 max_quad_count = max_vertex_count / 4;
+	u32 indices_size = 6 * max_quad_count;
+	if (indices_size == QuadIndexVBO.getSize() * sizeof(u16))
+		return;
+	// initialize buffer contents
+	std::vector<u16> QuadsIndices;
+	QuadsIndices.reserve(indices_size);
+	for (u32 k = 0; k < max_quad_count; k++) {
 		QuadsIndices.push_back(4 * k + 0);
 		QuadsIndices.push_back(4 * k + 1);
 		QuadsIndices.push_back(4 * k + 2);
@@ -211,11 +217,8 @@ void COpenGL3DriverBase::initQuadsIndices(int max_vertex_count)
 		QuadsIndices.push_back(4 * k + 2);
 		QuadsIndices.push_back(4 * k + 3);
 	}
-	GL.GenBuffers(1, &QuadIndexBuffer);
-	GL.BindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, QuadIndexBuffer);
-	GL.BufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(QuadsIndices[0]) * QuadsIndices.size(), QuadsIndices.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
-	GL.BindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
-	QuadIndexCount = QuadsIndices.size();
+	QuadIndexVBO.upload(QuadsIndices.data(), QuadsIndices.size() * sizeof(u16),
+		0, GL_STATIC_DRAW, true);
 }
 
 void COpenGL3DriverBase::initVersion()
@@ -383,28 +386,28 @@ void COpenGL3DriverBase::createMaterialRenderers()
 
 	// EMT_SOLID
 	core::stringc FragmentShader = OGLES2ShaderPath + "Solid.fsh";
-	addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(VertexShader, "main", EVST_VS_2_0, FragmentShader, "main", EPST_PS_2_0, "", "main",
-			EGST_GS_4_0, scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, SolidCB, EMT_SOLID, 0);
+	addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(VertexShader, FragmentShader, "", "Solid",
+			scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, SolidCB, EMT_SOLID, 0);
 
 	// EMT_TRANSPARENT_ALPHA_CHANNEL
 	FragmentShader = OGLES2ShaderPath + "TransparentAlphaChannel.fsh";
-	addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(VertexShader, "main", EVST_VS_2_0, FragmentShader, "main", EPST_PS_2_0, "", "main",
-			EGST_GS_4_0, scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, TransparentAlphaChannelCB, EMT_TRANSPARENT_ALPHA_CHANNEL, 0);
+	addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(VertexShader, FragmentShader, "", "TransparentAlphaChannel",
+			scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, TransparentAlphaChannelCB, EMT_TRANSPARENT_ALPHA_CHANNEL, 0);
 
 	// EMT_TRANSPARENT_ALPHA_CHANNEL_REF
 	FragmentShader = OGLES2ShaderPath + "TransparentAlphaChannelRef.fsh";
-	addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(VertexShader, "main", EVST_VS_2_0, FragmentShader, "main", EPST_PS_2_0, "", "main",
-			EGST_GS_4_0, scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, TransparentAlphaChannelRefCB, EMT_SOLID, 0);
+	addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(VertexShader, FragmentShader, "", "TransparentAlphaChannelRef",
+			scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, TransparentAlphaChannelRefCB, EMT_SOLID, 0);
 
 	// EMT_TRANSPARENT_VERTEX_ALPHA
 	FragmentShader = OGLES2ShaderPath + "TransparentVertexAlpha.fsh";
-	addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(VertexShader, "main", EVST_VS_2_0, FragmentShader, "main", EPST_PS_2_0, "", "main",
-			EGST_GS_4_0, scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, TransparentVertexAlphaCB, EMT_TRANSPARENT_ALPHA_CHANNEL, 0);
+	addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(VertexShader, FragmentShader, "", "TransparentVertexAlpha",
+			scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, TransparentVertexAlphaCB, EMT_TRANSPARENT_ALPHA_CHANNEL, 0);
 
 	// EMT_ONETEXTURE_BLEND
 	FragmentShader = OGLES2ShaderPath + "OneTextureBlend.fsh";
-	addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(VertexShader, "main", EVST_VS_2_0, FragmentShader, "main", EPST_PS_2_0, "", "main",
-			EGST_GS_4_0, scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, OneTextureBlendCB, EMT_ONETEXTURE_BLEND, 0);
+	addHighLevelShaderMaterialFromFiles(VertexShader, FragmentShader, "", "OneTextureBlend",
+			scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, OneTextureBlendCB, EMT_ONETEXTURE_BLEND, 0);
 
 	// Drop callbacks.
 
@@ -474,41 +477,18 @@ void COpenGL3DriverBase::setTransform(E_TRANSFORMATION_STATE state, const core::
 	Transformation3DChanged = true;
 }
 
-bool COpenGL3DriverBase::updateHardwareBuffer(SHWBufferLink_opengl *HWBuffer,
+bool COpenGL3DriverBase::uploadHardwareBuffer(OpenGLVBO &vbo,
 	const void *buffer, size_t bufferSize, scene::E_HARDWARE_MAPPING hint)
 {
-	assert(HWBuffer);
-
 	accountHWBufferUpload(bufferSize);
 
-	// get or create buffer
-	bool newBuffer = false;
-	if (!HWBuffer->vbo_ID) {
-		GL.GenBuffers(1, &HWBuffer->vbo_ID);
-		if (!HWBuffer->vbo_ID)
-			return false;
-		newBuffer = true;
-	} else if (HWBuffer->vbo_Size < bufferSize) {
-		newBuffer = true;
-	}
-
-	GL.BindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, HWBuffer->vbo_ID);
-
-	// copy data to graphics card
-	if (!newBuffer)
-		GL.BufferSubData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0, bufferSize, buffer);
-	else {
-		HWBuffer->vbo_Size = bufferSize;
-
 	GLenum usage = GL_STATIC_DRAW;
 	if (hint == scene::EHM_STREAM)
 		usage = GL_STREAM_DRAW;
 	else if (hint == scene::EHM_DYNAMIC)
 		usage = GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW;
-		GL.BufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, bufferSize, buffer, usage);
-	}
 
-	GL.BindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
+	vbo.upload(buffer, bufferSize, 0, usage);
 
 	return (!TEST_GL_ERROR(this));
 }
@@ -525,7 +505,8 @@ bool COpenGL3DriverBase::updateVertexHardwareBuffer(SHWBufferLink_opengl *HWBuff
 	const u32 vertexSize = getVertexPitchFromType(vb->getType());
 	const size_t bufferSize = vertexSize * vb->getCount();
 
-	return updateHardwareBuffer(HWBuffer, vb->getData(), bufferSize, vb->getHardwareMappingHint());
+	return uploadHardwareBuffer(HWBuffer->Vbo, vb->getData(),
+		bufferSize, vb->getHardwareMappingHint());
 }
 
 bool COpenGL3DriverBase::updateIndexHardwareBuffer(SHWBufferLink_opengl *HWBuffer)
@@ -551,7 +532,8 @@ bool COpenGL3DriverBase::updateIndexHardwareBuffer(SHWBufferLink_opengl *HWBuffe
 
 	const size_t bufferSize = ib->getCount() * indexSize;
 
-	return updateHardwareBuffer(HWBuffer, ib->getData(), bufferSize, ib->getHardwareMappingHint());
+	return uploadHardwareBuffer(HWBuffer->Vbo, ib->getData(),
+		bufferSize, ib->getHardwareMappingHint());
 }
 
 bool COpenGL3DriverBase::updateHardwareBuffer(SHWBufferLink *HWBuffer)
@@ -563,14 +545,14 @@ bool COpenGL3DriverBase::updateHardwareBuffer(SHWBufferLink *HWBuffer)
 
 	if (b->IsVertex) {
 		assert(b->VertexBuffer);
-		if (b->ChangedID != b->VertexBuffer->getChangedID() || !b->vbo_ID) {
+		if (b->ChangedID != b->VertexBuffer->getChangedID() || !b->Vbo.exists()) {
 			if (!updateVertexHardwareBuffer(b))
 				return false;
 			b->ChangedID = b->VertexBuffer->getChangedID();
 		}
 	} else {
 		assert(b->IndexBuffer);
-		if (b->ChangedID != b->IndexBuffer->getChangedID() || !b->vbo_ID) {
+		if (b->ChangedID != b->IndexBuffer->getChangedID() || !b->Vbo.exists()) {
 			if (!updateIndexHardwareBuffer(b))
 				return false;
 			b->ChangedID = b->IndexBuffer->getChangedID();
@@ -584,10 +566,8 @@ COpenGL3DriverBase::SHWBufferLink *COpenGL3DriverBase::createHardwareBuffer(cons
 	if (!vb || vb->getHardwareMappingHint() == scene::EHM_NEVER)
 		return 0;
 
-	SHWBufferLink_opengl *HWBuffer = new SHWBufferLink_opengl(vb);
-
-	// add to map
-	HWBuffer->listPosition = HWBufferList.insert(HWBufferList.end(), HWBuffer);
+	auto *HWBuffer = new SHWBufferLink_opengl(vb);
+	registerHardwareBuffer(HWBuffer);
 
 	if (!updateVertexHardwareBuffer(HWBuffer)) {
 		deleteHardwareBuffer(HWBuffer);
@@ -602,10 +582,8 @@ COpenGL3DriverBase::SHWBufferLink *COpenGL3DriverBase::createHardwareBuffer(cons
 	if (!ib || ib->getHardwareMappingHint() == scene::EHM_NEVER)
 		return 0;
 
-	SHWBufferLink_opengl *HWBuffer = new SHWBufferLink_opengl(ib);
-
-	// add to map
-	HWBuffer->listPosition = HWBufferList.insert(HWBufferList.end(), HWBuffer);
+	auto *HWBuffer = new SHWBufferLink_opengl(ib);
+	registerHardwareBuffer(HWBuffer);
 
 	if (!updateIndexHardwareBuffer(HWBuffer)) {
 		deleteHardwareBuffer(HWBuffer);
@@ -621,10 +599,7 @@ void COpenGL3DriverBase::deleteHardwareBuffer(SHWBufferLink *HWBuffer)
 		return;
 
 	auto *b = static_cast<SHWBufferLink_opengl *>(HWBuffer);
-	if (b->vbo_ID) {
-		GL.DeleteBuffers(1, &b->vbo_ID);
-		b->vbo_ID = 0;
-	}
+	b->Vbo.destroy();
 
 	CNullDriver::deleteHardwareBuffer(HWBuffer);
 }
@@ -644,14 +619,14 @@ void COpenGL3DriverBase::drawBuffers(const scene::IVertexBuffer *vb,
 	const void *vertices = vb->getData();
 	if (hwvert) {
 		assert(hwvert->IsVertex);
-		GL.BindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, hwvert->vbo_ID);
+		GL.BindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, hwvert->Vbo.getName());
 		vertices = nullptr;
 	}
 
 	const void *indexList = ib->getData();
 	if (hwidx) {
 		assert(!hwidx->IsVertex);
-		GL.BindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, hwidx->vbo_ID);
+		GL.BindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, hwidx->Vbo.getName());
 		indexList = nullptr;
 	}
 
@@ -710,58 +685,32 @@ void COpenGL3DriverBase::drawVertexPrimitiveList(const void *vertices, u32 verte
 
 	setRenderStates3DMode();
 
-	auto &vTypeDesc = getVertexTypeDescription(vType);
-	beginDraw(vTypeDesc, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(vertices));
-	GLenum indexSize = 0;
-
-	switch (iType) {
-	case (EIT_16BIT): {
-		indexSize = GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT;
-		break;
-	}
-	case (EIT_32BIT): {
-		indexSize = GL_UNSIGNED_INT;
-		break;
-	}
-	}
-
-	switch (pType) {
-	case scene::EPT_POINTS:
-	case scene::EPT_POINT_SPRITES:
-		GL.DrawArrays(GL_POINTS, 0, primitiveCount);
-		break;
-	case scene::EPT_LINE_STRIP:
-		GL.DrawElements(GL_LINE_STRIP, primitiveCount + 1, indexSize, indexList);
-		break;
-	case scene::EPT_LINE_LOOP:
-		GL.DrawElements(GL_LINE_LOOP, primitiveCount, indexSize, indexList);
-		break;
-	case scene::EPT_LINES:
-		GL.DrawElements(GL_LINES, primitiveCount * 2, indexSize, indexList);
-		break;
-	case scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP:
-		GL.DrawElements(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, primitiveCount + 2, indexSize, indexList);
-		break;
-	case scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_FAN:
-		GL.DrawElements(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, primitiveCount + 2, indexSize, indexList);
-		break;
-	case scene::EPT_TRIANGLES:
-		GL.DrawElements((LastMaterial.Wireframe) ? GL_LINES : (LastMaterial.PointCloud) ? GL_POINTS
-																						: GL_TRIANGLES,
-				primitiveCount * 3, indexSize, indexList);
-		break;
-	default:
-		break;
-	}
-
-	endDraw(vTypeDesc);
+	drawGeneric(vertices, indexList, primitiveCount, vType, pType, iType);
 }
 
+//! draws a vertex primitive list in 2d
 void COpenGL3DriverBase::draw2DVertexPrimitiveList(const void *vertices, u32 vertexCount,
 		const void *indexList, u32 primitiveCount,
 		E_VERTEX_TYPE vType, scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE pType, E_INDEX_TYPE iType)
 {
-	os::Printer::log("draw2DVertexPrimitiveList unimplemented", ELL_ERROR);
+	if (!primitiveCount || !vertexCount)
+		return;
+
+	if (!vertices)
+		return;
+
+	if (!checkPrimitiveCount(primitiveCount))
+		return;
+
+	CNullDriver::draw2DVertexPrimitiveList(vertices, vertexCount, indexList, primitiveCount, vType, pType, iType);
+
+	setRenderStates2DMode(
+		Material.MaterialType == EMT_TRANSPARENT_VERTEX_ALPHA,
+		Material.getTexture(0),
+		Material.MaterialType == EMT_TRANSPARENT_ALPHA_CHANNEL
+	);
+
+	drawGeneric(vertices, indexList, primitiveCount, vType, pType, iType);
 }
 
 void COpenGL3DriverBase::draw2DImage(const video::ITexture *texture, const core::position2d<s32> &destPos,
@@ -824,10 +773,10 @@ void COpenGL3DriverBase::draw2DImage(const video::ITexture *texture, const core:
 				clipRect->getWidth(), clipRect->getHeight());
 	}
 
-	f32 left = (f32)destRect.UpperLeftCorner.X / (f32)renderTargetSize.Width * 2.f - 1.f;
-	f32 right = (f32)destRect.LowerRightCorner.X / (f32)renderTargetSize.Width * 2.f - 1.f;
-	f32 down = 2.f - (f32)destRect.LowerRightCorner.Y / (f32)renderTargetSize.Height * 2.f - 1.f;
-	f32 top = 2.f - (f32)destRect.UpperLeftCorner.Y / (f32)renderTargetSize.Height * 2.f - 1.f;
+	f32 left  = (f32)destRect.UpperLeftCorner.X;
+	f32 right = (f32)destRect.LowerRightCorner.X;
+	f32 down  = (f32)destRect.LowerRightCorner.Y;
+	f32 top   = (f32)destRect.UpperLeftCorner.Y;
 
 	S3DVertex vertices[4];
 	vertices[0] = S3DVertex(left, top, 0, 0, 0, 1, useColor[0], tcoords.UpperLeftCorner.X, tcoords.UpperLeftCorner.Y);
@@ -903,7 +852,7 @@ void COpenGL3DriverBase::draw2DImageBatch(const video::ITexture *texture,
 	}
 
 	const irr::u32 drawCount = core::min_<u32>(positions.size(), sourceRects.size());
-	assert(6 * drawCount <= QuadIndexCount); // FIXME split the batch? or let it crash?
+	assert(6 * drawCount * sizeof(u16) <= QuadIndexVBO.getSize()); // FIXME split the batch? or let it crash?
 
 	std::vector<S3DVertex> vtx;
 	vtx.reserve(drawCount * 4);
@@ -924,10 +873,10 @@ void COpenGL3DriverBase::draw2DImageBatch(const video::ITexture *texture,
 
 		const core::rect<s32> poss(targetPos, sourceSize);
 
-		f32 left = (f32)poss.UpperLeftCorner.X / (f32)renderTargetSize.Width * 2.f - 1.f;
-		f32 right = (f32)poss.LowerRightCorner.X / (f32)renderTargetSize.Width * 2.f - 1.f;
-		f32 down = 2.f - (f32)poss.LowerRightCorner.Y / (f32)renderTargetSize.Height * 2.f - 1.f;
-		f32 top = 2.f - (f32)poss.UpperLeftCorner.Y / (f32)renderTargetSize.Height * 2.f - 1.f;
+		f32 left  = (f32)poss.UpperLeftCorner.X;
+		f32 right = (f32)poss.LowerRightCorner.X;
+		f32 down  = (f32)poss.LowerRightCorner.Y;
+		f32 top   = (f32)poss.UpperLeftCorner.Y;
 
 		vtx.emplace_back(left, top, 0.0f,
 				0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, color,
@@ -943,7 +892,7 @@ void COpenGL3DriverBase::draw2DImageBatch(const video::ITexture *texture,
 				tcoords.UpperLeftCorner.X, tcoords.LowerRightCorner.Y);
 	}
 
-	GL.BindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, QuadIndexBuffer);
+	GL.BindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, QuadIndexVBO.getName());
 	drawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, vt2DImage, vtx.data(), vtx.size(), 0, 6 * drawCount);
 	GL.BindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
 
@@ -956,33 +905,7 @@ void COpenGL3DriverBase::draw2DRectangle(SColor color,
 		const core::rect<s32> &position,
 		const core::rect<s32> *clip)
 {
-	chooseMaterial2D();
-	setMaterialTexture(0, 0);
-
-	setRenderStates2DMode(color.getAlpha() < 255, false, false);
-
-	core::rect<s32> pos = position;
-
-	if (clip)
-		pos.clipAgainst(*clip);
-
-	if (!pos.isValid())
-		return;
-
-	const core::dimension2d<u32> &renderTargetSize = getCurrentRenderTargetSize();
-
-	f32 left = (f32)pos.UpperLeftCorner.X / (f32)renderTargetSize.Width * 2.f - 1.f;
-	f32 right = (f32)pos.LowerRightCorner.X / (f32)renderTargetSize.Width * 2.f - 1.f;
-	f32 down = 2.f - (f32)pos.LowerRightCorner.Y / (f32)renderTargetSize.Height * 2.f - 1.f;
-	f32 top = 2.f - (f32)pos.UpperLeftCorner.Y / (f32)renderTargetSize.Height * 2.f - 1.f;
-
-	S3DVertex vertices[4];
-	vertices[0] = S3DVertex(left, top, 0, 0, 0, 1, color, 0, 0);
-	vertices[1] = S3DVertex(right, top, 0, 0, 0, 1, color, 0, 0);
-	vertices[2] = S3DVertex(right, down, 0, 0, 0, 1, color, 0, 0);
-	vertices[3] = S3DVertex(left, down, 0, 0, 0, 1, color, 0, 0);
-
-	drawQuad(vtPrimitive, vertices);
+	draw2DRectangle(position, color, color, color, color, clip);
 }
 
 //! draw an 2d rectangle
@@ -1008,12 +931,10 @@ void COpenGL3DriverBase::draw2DRectangle(const core::rect<s32> &position,
 								  colorRightDown.getAlpha() < 255,
 			false, false);
 
-	const core::dimension2d<u32> &renderTargetSize = getCurrentRenderTargetSize();
-
-	f32 left = (f32)pos.UpperLeftCorner.X / (f32)renderTargetSize.Width * 2.f - 1.f;
-	f32 right = (f32)pos.LowerRightCorner.X / (f32)renderTargetSize.Width * 2.f - 1.f;
-	f32 down = 2.f - (f32)pos.LowerRightCorner.Y / (f32)renderTargetSize.Height * 2.f - 1.f;
-	f32 top = 2.f - (f32)pos.UpperLeftCorner.Y / (f32)renderTargetSize.Height * 2.f - 1.f;
+	f32 left  = (f32)pos.UpperLeftCorner.X;
+	f32 right = (f32)pos.LowerRightCorner.X;
+	f32 down  = (f32)pos.LowerRightCorner.Y;
+	f32 top   = (f32)pos.UpperLeftCorner.Y;
 
 	S3DVertex vertices[4];
 	vertices[0] = S3DVertex(left,   top, 0, 0, 0, 1, colorLeftUp, 0, 0);
@@ -1034,12 +955,10 @@ void COpenGL3DriverBase::draw2DLine(const core::position2d<s32> &start,
 
 		setRenderStates2DMode(color.getAlpha() < 255, false, false);
 
-		const core::dimension2d<u32> &renderTargetSize = getCurrentRenderTargetSize();
-
-		f32 startX = (f32)start.X / (f32)renderTargetSize.Width * 2.f - 1.f;
-		f32 endX = (f32)end.X / (f32)renderTargetSize.Width * 2.f - 1.f;
-		f32 startY = 2.f - (f32)start.Y / (f32)renderTargetSize.Height * 2.f - 1.f;
-		f32 endY = 2.f - (f32)end.Y / (f32)renderTargetSize.Height * 2.f - 1.f;
+		f32 startX = (f32)start.X;
+		f32 endX   = (f32)end.X;
+		f32 startY = (f32)start.Y;
+		f32 endY   = (f32)end.Y;
 
 		S3DVertex vertices[2];
 		vertices[0] = S3DVertex(startX, startY, 0, 0, 0, 1, color, 0, 0);
@@ -1068,6 +987,55 @@ void COpenGL3DriverBase::drawElements(GLenum primitiveType, const VertexType &ve
 	endDraw(vertexType);
 }
 
+void COpenGL3DriverBase::drawGeneric(const void *vertices, const void *indexList,
+		u32 primitiveCount,
+		E_VERTEX_TYPE vType, scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE pType, E_INDEX_TYPE iType)
+{
+	auto &vTypeDesc = getVertexTypeDescription(vType);
+	beginDraw(vTypeDesc, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(vertices));
+	GLenum indexSize = 0;
+
+	switch (iType) {
+	case EIT_16BIT:
+		indexSize = GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT;
+		break;
+	case EIT_32BIT:
+		indexSize = GL_UNSIGNED_INT;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	switch (pType) {
+	case scene::EPT_POINTS:
+	case scene::EPT_POINT_SPRITES:
+		GL.DrawArrays(GL_POINTS, 0, primitiveCount);
+		break;
+	case scene::EPT_LINE_STRIP:
+		GL.DrawElements(GL_LINE_STRIP, primitiveCount + 1, indexSize, indexList);
+		break;
+	case scene::EPT_LINE_LOOP:
+		GL.DrawElements(GL_LINE_LOOP, primitiveCount, indexSize, indexList);
+		break;
+	case scene::EPT_LINES:
+		GL.DrawElements(GL_LINES, primitiveCount * 2, indexSize, indexList);
+		break;
+	case scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP:
+		GL.DrawElements(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, primitiveCount + 2, indexSize, indexList);
+		break;
+	case scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_FAN:
+		GL.DrawElements(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, primitiveCount + 2, indexSize, indexList);
+		break;
+	case scene::EPT_TRIANGLES:
+		GL.DrawElements((LastMaterial.Wireframe) ? GL_LINES : (LastMaterial.PointCloud) ? GL_POINTS
+																						: GL_TRIANGLES,
+				primitiveCount * 3, indexSize, indexList);
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	endDraw(vTypeDesc);
+}
+
 void COpenGL3DriverBase::beginDraw(const VertexType &vertexType, uintptr_t verticesBase)
 {
 	for (auto &attr : vertexType) {
@@ -1372,60 +1340,74 @@ void COpenGL3DriverBase::setTextureRenderStates(const SMaterial &material, bool
 
 		CacheHandler->setActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0 + i);
 
-		if (resetAllRenderstates)
-			tmpTexture->getStatesCache().IsCached = false;
+		const auto &layer = material.TextureLayers[i];
+		auto &states = tmpTexture->getStatesCache();
 
-		if (!tmpTexture->getStatesCache().IsCached || material.TextureLayers[i].MagFilter != tmpTexture->getStatesCache().MagFilter) {
-			E_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER magFilter = material.TextureLayers[i].MagFilter;
+		if (resetAllRenderstates)
+			states.IsCached = false;
+
+		if (!states.IsCached || layer.MagFilter != states.MagFilter) {
+			E_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER magFilter = layer.MagFilter;
 			GL.TexParameteri(tmpTextureType, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,
 					magFilter == ETMAGF_NEAREST ? GL_NEAREST : (assert(magFilter == ETMAGF_LINEAR), GL_LINEAR));
 
-			tmpTexture->getStatesCache().MagFilter = magFilter;
+			states.MagFilter = magFilter;
 		}
 
 		if (material.UseMipMaps && tmpTexture->hasMipMaps()) {
-			if (!tmpTexture->getStatesCache().IsCached || material.TextureLayers[i].MinFilter != tmpTexture->getStatesCache().MinFilter ||
-					!tmpTexture->getStatesCache().MipMapStatus) {
-				E_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER minFilter = material.TextureLayers[i].MinFilter;
+			if (!states.IsCached || layer.MinFilter != states.MinFilter ||
+					!states.MipMapStatus) {
+				E_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER minFilter = layer.MinFilter;
 				GL.TexParameteri(tmpTextureType, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,
 						minFilter == ETMINF_NEAREST_MIPMAP_NEAREST ? GL_NEAREST_MIPMAP_NEAREST : minFilter == ETMINF_LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST ? GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST
 																						 : minFilter == ETMINF_NEAREST_MIPMAP_LINEAR       ? GL_NEAREST_MIPMAP_LINEAR
 																																		   : (assert(minFilter == ETMINF_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR), GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR));
 
-				tmpTexture->getStatesCache().MinFilter = minFilter;
-				tmpTexture->getStatesCache().MipMapStatus = true;
+				states.MinFilter = minFilter;
+				states.MipMapStatus = true;
 			}
 		} else {
-			if (!tmpTexture->getStatesCache().IsCached || material.TextureLayers[i].MinFilter != tmpTexture->getStatesCache().MinFilter ||
-					tmpTexture->getStatesCache().MipMapStatus) {
-				E_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER minFilter = material.TextureLayers[i].MinFilter;
+			if (!states.IsCached || layer.MinFilter != states.MinFilter ||
+					states.MipMapStatus) {
+				E_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER minFilter = layer.MinFilter;
 				GL.TexParameteri(tmpTextureType, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,
 						(minFilter == ETMINF_NEAREST_MIPMAP_NEAREST || minFilter == ETMINF_NEAREST_MIPMAP_LINEAR) ? GL_NEAREST : (assert(minFilter == ETMINF_LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST || minFilter == ETMINF_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR), GL_LINEAR));
 
-				tmpTexture->getStatesCache().MinFilter = minFilter;
-				tmpTexture->getStatesCache().MipMapStatus = false;
+				states.MinFilter = minFilter;
+				states.MipMapStatus = false;
 			}
 		}
 
+		if (LODBiasSupported &&
+			(!states.IsCached || layer.LODBias != states.LODBias)) {
+			if (layer.LODBias) {
+				const float tmp = core::clamp(layer.LODBias * 0.125f, -MaxTextureLODBias, MaxTextureLODBias);
+				GL.TexParameterf(tmpTextureType, GL.TEXTURE_LOD_BIAS, tmp);
+			} else
+				GL.TexParameterf(tmpTextureType, GL.TEXTURE_LOD_BIAS, 0.f);
+
+			states.LODBias = layer.LODBias;
+		}
+
 		if (AnisotropicFilterSupported &&
-				(!tmpTexture->getStatesCache().IsCached || material.TextureLayers[i].AnisotropicFilter != tmpTexture->getStatesCache().AnisotropicFilter)) {
+				(!states.IsCached || layer.AnisotropicFilter != states.AnisotropicFilter)) {
 			GL.TexParameteri(tmpTextureType, GL.TEXTURE_MAX_ANISOTROPY,
-					material.TextureLayers[i].AnisotropicFilter > 1 ? core::min_(MaxAnisotropy, material.TextureLayers[i].AnisotropicFilter) : 1);
+					layer.AnisotropicFilter > 1 ? core::min_(MaxAnisotropy, layer.AnisotropicFilter) : 1);
 
-			tmpTexture->getStatesCache().AnisotropicFilter = material.TextureLayers[i].AnisotropicFilter;
+			states.AnisotropicFilter = layer.AnisotropicFilter;
 		}
 
-		if (!tmpTexture->getStatesCache().IsCached || material.TextureLayers[i].TextureWrapU != tmpTexture->getStatesCache().WrapU) {
-			GL.TexParameteri(tmpTextureType, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, getTextureWrapMode(material.TextureLayers[i].TextureWrapU));
-			tmpTexture->getStatesCache().WrapU = material.TextureLayers[i].TextureWrapU;
+		if (!states.IsCached || layer.TextureWrapU != states.WrapU) {
+			GL.TexParameteri(tmpTextureType, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, getTextureWrapMode(layer.TextureWrapU));
+			states.WrapU = layer.TextureWrapU;
 		}
 
-		if (!tmpTexture->getStatesCache().IsCached || material.TextureLayers[i].TextureWrapV != tmpTexture->getStatesCache().WrapV) {
-			GL.TexParameteri(tmpTextureType, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, getTextureWrapMode(material.TextureLayers[i].TextureWrapV));
-			tmpTexture->getStatesCache().WrapV = material.TextureLayers[i].TextureWrapV;
+		if (!states.IsCached || layer.TextureWrapV != states.WrapV) {
+			GL.TexParameteri(tmpTextureType, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, getTextureWrapMode(layer.TextureWrapV));
+			states.WrapV = layer.TextureWrapV;
 		}
 
-		tmpTexture->getStatesCache().IsCached = true;
+		states.IsCached = true;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1620,14 +1602,9 @@ bool COpenGL3DriverBase::setPixelShaderConstant(s32 index, const u32 *ints, int
 //! Adds a new material renderer to the VideoDriver, using GLSL to render geometry.
 s32 COpenGL3DriverBase::addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
 		const c8 *vertexShaderProgram,
-		const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget,
 		const c8 *pixelShaderProgram,
-		const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget,
 		const c8 *geometryShaderProgram,
-		const c8 *geometryShaderEntryPointName,
-		E_GEOMETRY_SHADER_TYPE gsCompileTarget,
+		const c8 *shaderName,
 		scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE inType,
 		scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE outType,
 		u32 verticesOut,

irr/src/OpenGL/Driver.h

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 #include "SIrrCreationParameters.h"
 #include "Common.h"
+#include "VBO.h"
 #include "CNullDriver.h"
 #include "IMaterialRendererServices.h"
 #include "EDriverFeatures.h"
@@ -49,8 +50,7 @@ public:
 		SHWBufferLink_opengl(const scene::IVertexBuffer *vb) : SHWBufferLink(vb) {}
 		SHWBufferLink_opengl(const scene::IIndexBuffer *ib) : SHWBufferLink(ib) {}
 
-		GLuint vbo_ID = 0;
-		u32 vbo_Size = 0;
+		OpenGLVBO Vbo;
 	};
 
 	bool updateVertexHardwareBuffer(SHWBufferLink_opengl *HWBuffer);
@@ -189,18 +189,13 @@ public:
 	//! Adds a new material renderer to the VideoDriver
 	virtual s32 addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
 			const c8 *vertexShaderProgram,
-			const c8 *vertexShaderEntryPointName = 0,
-			E_VERTEX_SHADER_TYPE vsCompileTarget = EVST_VS_1_1,
-			const c8 *pixelShaderProgram = 0,
-			const c8 *pixelShaderEntryPointName = 0,
-			E_PIXEL_SHADER_TYPE psCompileTarget = EPST_PS_1_1,
-			const c8 *geometryShaderProgram = 0,
-			const c8 *geometryShaderEntryPointName = "main",
-			E_GEOMETRY_SHADER_TYPE gsCompileTarget = EGST_GS_4_0,
+			const c8 *pixelShaderProgram,
+			const c8 *geometryShaderProgram = nullptr,
+			const c8 *shaderName = nullptr,
 			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE inType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLES,
 			scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE outType = scene::EPT_TRIANGLE_STRIP,
 			u32 verticesOut = 0,
-			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = 0,
+			IShaderConstantSetCallBack *callback = nullptr,
 			E_MATERIAL_TYPE baseMaterial = video::EMT_SOLID,
 			s32 userData = 0) override;
 
@@ -300,7 +295,7 @@ protected:
 		LockRenderStateMode = false;
 	}
 
-	bool updateHardwareBuffer(SHWBufferLink_opengl *b, const void *buffer, size_t bufferSize, scene::E_HARDWARE_MAPPING hint);
+	bool uploadHardwareBuffer(OpenGLVBO &vbo, const void *buffer, size_t bufferSize, scene::E_HARDWARE_MAPPING hint);
 
 	void createMaterialRenderers();
 
@@ -316,6 +311,9 @@ protected:
 	void drawElements(GLenum primitiveType, const VertexType &vertexType, const void *vertices, int vertexCount, const u16 *indices, int indexCount);
 	void drawElements(GLenum primitiveType, const VertexType &vertexType, uintptr_t vertices, uintptr_t indices, int indexCount);
 
+	void drawGeneric(const void *vertices, const void *indexList, u32 primitiveCount,
+		E_VERTEX_TYPE vType, scene::E_PRIMITIVE_TYPE pType, E_INDEX_TYPE iType);
+
 	void beginDraw(const VertexType &vertexType, uintptr_t verticesBase);
 	void endDraw(const VertexType &vertexType);
 
@@ -372,9 +370,8 @@ private:
 
 	bool EnableErrorTest;
 
-	unsigned QuadIndexCount;
-	GLuint QuadIndexBuffer = 0;
-	void initQuadsIndices(int max_vertex_count = 65536);
+	OpenGLVBO QuadIndexVBO;
+	void initQuadsIndices(u32 max_vertex_count = 65536);
 
 	void debugCb(GLenum source, GLenum type, GLuint id, GLenum severity, GLsizei length, const GLchar *message);
 	static void APIENTRY debugCb(GLenum source, GLenum type, GLuint id, GLenum severity, GLsizei length, const GLchar *message, const void *userParam);

irr/src/OpenGL/ExtensionHandler.h

@@ -161,6 +161,7 @@ public:
 		GL.BlendEquation(mode);
 	}
 
+	bool LODBiasSupported = false;
 	bool AnisotropicFilterSupported = false;
 	bool BlendMinMaxSupported = false;
 	bool TextureMultisampleSupported = false;

irr/src/OpenGL/Renderer2D.cpp

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ COpenGL3Renderer2D::COpenGL3Renderer2D(const c8 *vertexShaderProgram, const c8 *
 
 	// These states don't change later.
 
+	ProjectionID = getPixelShaderConstantID("uProjection");
 	ThicknessID = getPixelShaderConstantID("uThickness");
 	if (WithTexture) {
 		TextureUsageID = getPixelShaderConstantID("uTextureUsage");
@@ -62,6 +63,17 @@ void COpenGL3Renderer2D::OnSetMaterial(const video::SMaterial &material,
 	f32 Thickness = (material.Thickness > 0.f) ? material.Thickness : 1.f;
 	setPixelShaderConstant(ThicknessID, &Thickness, 1);
 
+	{
+		// Update projection matrix
+		const core::dimension2d<u32> renderTargetSize = Driver->getCurrentRenderTargetSize();
+		core::matrix4 proj;
+		float xInv2 = 2.0f / renderTargetSize.Width;
+		float yInv2 = 2.0f / renderTargetSize.Height;
+		proj.setScale({ xInv2, -yInv2, 0.0f });
+		proj.setTranslation({ -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f });
+		setPixelShaderConstant(ProjectionID, proj.pointer(), 4 * 4);
+	}
+
 	if (WithTexture) {
 		s32 TextureUsage = material.TextureLayers[0].Texture ? 1 : 0;
 		setPixelShaderConstant(TextureUsageID, &TextureUsage, 1);

irr/src/OpenGL/Renderer2D.h

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ public:
 
 protected:
 	bool WithTexture;
+	s32 ProjectionID;
 	s32 ThicknessID;
 	s32 TextureUsageID;
 };

irr/src/OpenGL/VBO.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2024 sfan5
+// This file is part of the "Irrlicht Engine".
+// For conditions of distribution and use, see copyright notice in irrlicht.h
+
+#include "VBO.h"
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <mt_opengl.h>
+
+namespace irr
+{
+namespace video
+{
+
+void OpenGLVBO::upload(const void *data, size_t size, size_t offset,
+		GLenum usage, bool mustShrink)
+{
+	bool newBuffer = false;
+	assert(!(mustShrink && offset > 0)); // forbidden usage
+	if (!m_name) {
+		GL.GenBuffers(1, &m_name);
+		if (!m_name)
+			return;
+		newBuffer = true;
+	} else if (size > m_size || mustShrink) {
+		newBuffer = size != m_size;
+	}
+
+	GL.BindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, m_name);
+
+	if (newBuffer) {
+		assert(offset == 0);
+		GL.BufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, size, data, usage);
+		m_size = size;
+	} else {
+		GL.BufferSubData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, offset, size, data);
+	}
+
+	GL.BindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
+}
+
+void OpenGLVBO::destroy()
+{
+	if (m_name)
+		GL.DeleteBuffers(1, &m_name);
+	m_name = 0;
+	m_size = 0;
+}
+
+}
+}

irr/src/OpenGL/VBO.h

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2024 sfan5
+// This file is part of the "Irrlicht Engine".
+// For conditions of distribution and use, see copyright notice in irrlicht.h
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "Common.h"
+#include <cstddef>
+
+namespace irr
+{
+namespace video
+{
+
+class OpenGLVBO
+{
+public:
+	/// @note does not create on GL side
+	OpenGLVBO() = default;
+	/// @note does not free on GL side
+	~OpenGLVBO() = default;
+
+	/// @return "name" (ID) of this buffer in GL
+	GLuint getName() const { return m_name; }
+	/// @return does this refer to an existing GL buffer?
+	bool exists() const { return m_name != 0; }
+
+	/// @return size of this buffer in bytes
+	size_t getSize() const { return m_size; }
+
+	/**
+	 * Upload buffer data to GL.
+	 *
+	 * Changing the size of the buffer is only possible when `offset == 0`.
+	 * @param data data pointer
+	 * @param size number of bytes
+	 * @param offset offset to upload at
+	 * @param usage usage pattern passed to GL (only if buffer is new)
+	 * @param mustShrink force re-create of buffer if it became smaller
+	 * @note modifies GL_ARRAY_BUFFER binding
+	 */
+	void upload(const void *data, size_t size, size_t offset,
+		GLenum usage, bool mustShrink = false);
+
+	/**
+	 * Free buffer in GL.
+	 * @note modifies GL_ARRAY_BUFFER binding
+	 */
+	void destroy();
+
+private:
+	GLuint m_name = 0;
+	size_t m_size = 0;
+};
+
+}
+}

irr/src/OpenGL3/Driver.cpp

@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ void COpenGL3Driver::initFeatures()
 	TextureFormats[ECF_D24S8] = {GL_DEPTH24_STENCIL8, GL_DEPTH_STENCIL, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_24_8};
 
 	AnisotropicFilterSupported = isVersionAtLeast(4, 6) || queryExtension("GL_ARB_texture_filter_anisotropic") || queryExtension("GL_EXT_texture_filter_anisotropic");
+	LODBiasSupported = true;
 	BlendMinMaxSupported = true;
 	TextureMultisampleSupported = true;
 

irr/src/OpenGL3/Driver.h

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ namespace video
 /// OpenGL 3+ driver
 ///
 /// For OpenGL 3.2 and higher. Compatibility profile is required currently.
-class COpenGL3Driver : public COpenGL3DriverBase
+class COpenGL3Driver final : public COpenGL3DriverBase
 {
 	friend IVideoDriver *createOpenGL3Driver(const SIrrlichtCreationParameters &params, io::IFileSystem *io, IContextManager *contextManager);
 

irr/src/OpenGLES2/Driver.cpp

@@ -120,10 +120,10 @@ void COpenGLES2Driver::initFeatures()
 	}
 
 	const bool MRTSupported = Version.Major >= 3 || queryExtension("GL_EXT_draw_buffers");
+	LODBiasSupported = queryExtension("GL_EXT_texture_lod_bias");
 	AnisotropicFilterSupported = queryExtension("GL_EXT_texture_filter_anisotropic");
 	BlendMinMaxSupported = (Version.Major >= 3) || FeatureAvailable[IRR_GL_EXT_blend_minmax];
 	TextureMultisampleSupported = isVersionAtLeast(3, 1);
-	const bool TextureLODBiasSupported = queryExtension("GL_EXT_texture_lod_bias");
 
 	// COGLESCoreExtensionHandler::Feature
 	static_assert(MATERIAL_MAX_TEXTURES <= 8, "Only up to 8 textures are guaranteed");
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ void COpenGLES2Driver::initFeatures()
 	if (Version.Major >= 3 || queryExtension("GL_EXT_draw_range_elements"))
 		MaxIndices = GetInteger(GL_MAX_ELEMENTS_INDICES);
 	MaxTextureSize = GetInteger(GL_MAX_TEXTURE_SIZE);
-	if (TextureLODBiasSupported)
+	if (LODBiasSupported)
 		GL.GetFloatv(GL_MAX_TEXTURE_LOD_BIAS, &MaxTextureLODBias);
 	GL.GetFloatv(GL_ALIASED_LINE_WIDTH_RANGE, DimAliasedLine); // NOTE: this is not in the OpenGL ES 2.0 spec...
 	GL.GetFloatv(GL_ALIASED_POINT_SIZE_RANGE, DimAliasedPoint);

irr/src/OpenGLES2/Driver.h

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ namespace video
 /// OpenGL ES 2+ driver
 ///
 /// For OpenGL ES 2.0 and higher.
-class COpenGLES2Driver : public COpenGL3DriverBase
+class COpenGLES2Driver final : public COpenGL3DriverBase
 {
 	friend IVideoDriver *createOGLES2Driver(const SIrrlichtCreationParameters &params, io::IFileSystem *io, IContextManager *contextManager);
 

irr/src/SkinnedMesh.cpp

@@ -573,7 +573,7 @@ SkinnedMesh *SkinnedMeshBuilder::finalize()
 	return this;
 }
 
-void SkinnedMesh::updateBoundingBox(void)
+void SkinnedMesh::updateBoundingBox()
 {
 	if (!SkinningBuffers)
 		return;

irr/src/os.cpp

@@ -160,11 +160,12 @@ void Printer::print(const c8 *message, ELOG_LEVEL ll)
 
 	// Android logcat restricts log-output and cuts the rest of the message away. But we want it all.
 	// On my device max-len is 1023 (+ 0 byte). Some websites claim a limit of 4096 so maybe different numbers on different devices.
-	const size_t maxLogLen = 1023;
+	constexpr size_t maxLogLen = 1023;
 	size_t msgLen = strlen(message);
 	size_t start = 0;
 	while (msgLen - start > maxLogLen) {
-		__android_log_print(LogLevel, "Irrlicht", "%.*s\n", maxLogLen, &message[start]);
+		__android_log_print(LogLevel, "Irrlicht", "%.*s\n",
+				static_cast<int>(maxLogLen), &message[start]);
 		start += maxLogLen;
 	}
 	__android_log_print(LogLevel, "Irrlicht", "%s\n", &message[start]);

src/client/activeobjectmgr.cpp

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ std::vector<DistanceSortedActiveObject> ActiveObjectMgr::getActiveSelectableObje
 		if (!obj)
 			continue;
 
-		aabb3f selection_box;
+		aabb3f selection_box{{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
 		if (!obj->getSelectionBox(&selection_box))
 			continue;
 

src/client/clientenvironment.cpp

@@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ void ClientEnvironment::getSelectedActiveObjects(
 
 	for (const auto &allObject : allObjects) {
 		ClientActiveObject *obj = allObject.obj;
-		aabb3f selection_box;
+		aabb3f selection_box{{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
 		if (!obj->getSelectionBox(&selection_box))
 			continue;
 

src/client/clientlauncher.cpp

@@ -301,24 +301,29 @@ void ClientLauncher::init_input()
 	else
 		input = new RealInputHandler(receiver);
 
-	if (g_settings->getBool("enable_joysticks")) {
+	if (g_settings->getBool("enable_joysticks"))
+		init_joysticks();
+}
+
+void ClientLauncher::init_joysticks()
+{
 	irr::core::array<irr::SJoystickInfo> infos;
 	std::vector<irr::SJoystickInfo> joystick_infos;
 
 	// Make sure this is called maximum once per
 	// irrlicht device, otherwise it will give you
 	// multiple events for the same joystick.
-		if (m_rendering_engine->get_raw_device()->activateJoysticks(infos)) {
+	if (!m_rendering_engine->get_raw_device()->activateJoysticks(infos)) {
+		errorstream << "Could not activate joystick support." << std::endl;
+		return;
+	}
+
 	infostream << "Joystick support enabled" << std::endl;
 	joystick_infos.reserve(infos.size());
 	for (u32 i = 0; i < infos.size(); i++) {
 		joystick_infos.push_back(infos[i]);
 	}
 	input->joystick.onJoystickConnect(joystick_infos);
-		} else {
-			errorstream << "Could not activate joystick support." << std::endl;
-		}
-	}
 }
 
 void ClientLauncher::setting_changed_callback(const std::string &name, void *data)

src/client/clientlauncher.h

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ private:
 	void init_args(GameStartData &start_data, const Settings &cmd_args);
 	bool init_engine();
 	void init_input();
+	void init_joysticks();
 
 	static void setting_changed_callback(const std::string &name, void *data);
 	void config_guienv();

src/client/clientmap.cpp

@@ -22,16 +22,27 @@
 #include <queue>
 
 namespace {
-	// A helper struct
+	// data structure that groups block meshes by material
 	struct MeshBufListMaps
 	{
-		using MeshBufListMap = std::unordered_map<
-				video::SMaterial,
-				std::vector<std::pair<v3s16, scene::IMeshBuffer *>>
-				>;
+		// first = block pos
+		using MeshBuf = std::pair<v3s16, scene::IMeshBuffer*>;
+
+		using MeshBufList = std::vector<MeshBuf>;
+
+		using MeshBufListMap = std::unordered_map<video::SMaterial, MeshBufList>;
 
 		std::array<MeshBufListMap, MAX_TILE_LAYERS> maps;
 
+		bool empty() const
+		{
+			for (auto &map : maps) {
+				if (!map.empty())
+					return false;
+			}
+			return true;
+		}
+
 		void clear()
 		{
 			for (auto &map : maps)
@@ -48,7 +59,67 @@ namespace {
 			auto &bufs = map[m]; // default constructs if non-existent
 			bufs.emplace_back(position, buf);
 		}
+
+		void addFromBlock(v3s16 block_pos, MapBlockMesh *block_mesh,
+			video::IVideoDriver *driver);
 	};
+
+	// reference to a mesh buffer used when rendering the map.
+	struct DrawDescriptor {
+		v3f m_pos; // world translation
+		bool m_reuse_material:1;
+		bool m_use_partial_buffer:1;
+		union {
+			scene::IMeshBuffer *m_buffer;
+			const PartialMeshBuffer *m_partial_buffer;
+		};
+
+		DrawDescriptor(v3f pos, scene::IMeshBuffer *buffer, bool reuse_material = true) :
+			m_pos(pos), m_reuse_material(reuse_material), m_use_partial_buffer(false),
+			m_buffer(buffer)
+		{}
+
+		DrawDescriptor(v3f pos, const PartialMeshBuffer *buffer) :
+			m_pos(pos), m_reuse_material(false), m_use_partial_buffer(true),
+			m_partial_buffer(buffer)
+		{}
+
+		video::SMaterial &getMaterial();
+		/// @return number of vertices drawn
+		u32 draw(video::IVideoDriver* driver);
+	};
+
+	using DrawDescriptorList = std::vector<DrawDescriptor>;
+
+	/// @brief Append vertices to a mesh buffer
+	/// @note does not update bounding box!
+	void appendToMeshBuffer(scene::SMeshBuffer *dst, const scene::IMeshBuffer *src, v3f translate)
+	{
+		const size_t vcount = dst->Vertices->Data.size();
+		const size_t icount = dst->Indices->Data.size();
+
+		assert(src->getVertexType() == video::EVT_STANDARD);
+		const auto vptr = static_cast<const video::S3DVertex*>(src->getVertices());
+		dst->Vertices->Data.insert(dst->Vertices->Data.end(),
+			vptr, vptr + src->getVertexCount());
+		// apply translation
+		for (size_t j = vcount; j < dst->Vertices->Data.size(); j++)
+			dst->Vertices->Data[j].Pos += translate;
+
+		const auto iptr = src->getIndices();
+		dst->Indices->Data.insert(dst->Indices->Data.end(),
+			iptr, iptr + src->getIndexCount());
+		// fixup indices
+		if (vcount != 0) {
+			for (size_t j = icount; j < dst->Indices->Data.size(); j++)
+				dst->Indices->Data[j] += vcount;
+		}
+	}
+
+	template <typename T>
+	inline T subtract_or_zero(T a, T b) {
+		return b >= a ? T(0) : (a - b);
+	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -90,8 +161,7 @@ ClientMap::ClientMap(
 	 * the class is whith a name ;) Name property cames from ISceneNode base class.
 	 */
 	Name = "ClientMap";
-	m_box = aabb3f(-BS*1000000,-BS*1000000,-BS*1000000,
-			BS*1000000,BS*1000000,BS*1000000);
+	setAutomaticCulling(scene::EAC_OFF);
 
 	for (const auto &name : ClientMap_settings)
 		g_settings->registerChangedCallback(name, on_settings_changed, this);
@@ -299,7 +369,7 @@ void ClientMap::updateDrawList()
 	}
 
 	const v3s16 camera_block = getContainerPos(cam_pos_nodes, MAP_BLOCKSIZE);
-	m_drawlist = std::map<v3s16, MapBlock*, MapBlockComparer>(MapBlockComparer(camera_block));
+	m_drawlist = decltype(m_drawlist)(MapBlockComparer(camera_block));
 
 	auto is_frustum_culled = m_client->getCamera()->getFrustumCuller();
 
@@ -692,23 +762,132 @@ void ClientMap::touchMapBlocks()
 	g_profiler->avg("MapBlocks loaded [#]", blocks_loaded);
 }
 
+void MeshBufListMaps::addFromBlock(v3s16 block_pos, MapBlockMesh *block_mesh,
+	video::IVideoDriver *driver)
+{
+	for (int layer = 0; layer < MAX_TILE_LAYERS; layer++) {
+		scene::IMesh *mesh = block_mesh->getMesh(layer);
+		assert(mesh);
+
+		u32 c = mesh->getMeshBufferCount();
+		for (u32 i = 0; i < c; i++) {
+			scene::IMeshBuffer *buf = mesh->getMeshBuffer(i);
+
+			auto &material = buf->getMaterial();
+			auto *rnd = driver->getMaterialRenderer(material.MaterialType);
+			bool transparent = rnd && rnd->isTransparent();
+			if (!transparent)
+				add(buf, block_pos, layer);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Copy a list of mesh buffers into the draw order, while potentially
+ * merging some.
+ * @param src buffer list
+ * @param dst draw order
+ * @param get_world_pos returns translation for a buffer
+ * @param buffer_trash output container for temporary mesh buffers
+ * @return number of buffers that were merged
+ */
+template <typename F, typename C>
+static u32 transformBuffersToDrawOrder(
+	const MeshBufListMaps::MeshBufList &src, DrawDescriptorList &draw_order,
+		F get_world_pos, C &buffer_trash)
+{
+	/**
+	 * This is a tradeoff between time spent merging buffers and time spent
+	 * due to excess drawcalls.
+	 * Testing has shown that the ideal value is in the low hundreds, as extra
+	 * CPU work quickly eats up the benefits.
+	 * In MTG landscape scenes this was found to save around 20-40% of drawcalls.
+	 *
+	 * NOTE: if you attempt to test this with quicktune, it won't give you valid
+	 * results since HW buffers stick around and Irrlicht handles large amounts
+	 * inefficiently.
+	 *
+	 * TODO: as a next step we should cache merged meshes, so they do not need
+	 * to be re-built *and* can be kept in GPU memory.
+	 */
+	const u32 target_min_vertices = g_settings->getU32("mesh_buffer_min_vertices");
+
+	const auto draw_order_pre = draw_order.size();
+	auto *driver = RenderingEngine::get_video_driver();
+
+	// check if we can even merge anything
+	u32 can_merge = 0;
+	u32 total_vtx = 0, total_idx = 0;
+	for (auto &pair : src) {
+		if (pair.second->getVertexCount() < target_min_vertices) {
+			can_merge++;
+			total_vtx += pair.second->getVertexCount();
+			total_idx += pair.second->getIndexCount();
+		}
+	}
+
+	scene::SMeshBuffer *tmp = nullptr;
+	const auto &finish_buf = [&] () {
+		if (tmp) {
+			draw_order.emplace_back(v3f(0), tmp);
+			total_vtx = subtract_or_zero(total_vtx, tmp->getVertexCount());
+			total_idx = subtract_or_zero(total_idx, tmp->getIndexCount());
+
+			// Upload buffer here explicitly to give the driver some
+			// extra time to get it ready before drawing.
+			tmp->setHardwareMappingHint(scene::EHM_STREAM);
+			driver->updateHardwareBuffer(tmp->getVertexBuffer());
+			driver->updateHardwareBuffer(tmp->getIndexBuffer());
+		}
+		tmp = nullptr;
+	};
+
+	// iterate in reverse to get closest blocks first
+	for (auto it = src.rbegin(); it != src.rend(); ++it) {
+		v3f translate = get_world_pos(it->first);
+		auto *buf = it->second;
+		if (can_merge < 2 || buf->getVertexCount() >= target_min_vertices) {
+			draw_order.emplace_back(translate, buf);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		bool new_buffer = false;
+		if (!tmp)
+			new_buffer = true;
+		else if (tmp->getVertexCount() + buf->getVertexCount() > U16_MAX)
+			new_buffer = true;
+		if (new_buffer) {
+			finish_buf();
+			tmp = new scene::SMeshBuffer();
+			buffer_trash.push_back(tmp);
+			assert(tmp->getPrimitiveType() == buf->getPrimitiveType());
+			tmp->Material = buf->getMaterial();
+			// preallocate
+			tmp->Vertices->Data.reserve(total_vtx);
+			tmp->Indices->Data.reserve(total_idx);
+		}
+		appendToMeshBuffer(tmp, buf, translate);
+	}
+	finish_buf();
+
+	// first call needs to set the material
+	if (draw_order.size() > draw_order_pre)
+		draw_order[draw_order_pre].m_reuse_material = false;
+
+	return can_merge < 2 ? 0 : can_merge;
+}
+
 void ClientMap::renderMap(video::IVideoDriver* driver, s32 pass)
 {
 	ZoneScoped;
 
-	bool is_transparent_pass = pass == scene::ESNRP_TRANSPARENT;
+	const bool is_transparent_pass = pass == scene::ESNRP_TRANSPARENT;
 
 	std::string prefix;
 	if (pass == scene::ESNRP_SOLID)
 		prefix = "renderMap(SOLID): ";
 	else
-		prefix = "renderMap(TRANSPARENT): ";
-
-	/*
-		This is called two times per frame, reset on the non-transparent one
-	*/
-	if (pass == scene::ESNRP_SOLID)
-		m_last_drawn_sectors.clear();
+		prefix = "renderMap(TRANS): ";
 
 	/*
 		Get animation parameters
@@ -719,16 +898,16 @@ void ClientMap::renderMap(video::IVideoDriver* driver, s32 pass)
 
 	const v3f camera_position = m_camera_position;
 
-	/*
-		Get all blocks and draw all visible ones
-	*/
+	const auto mesh_grid = m_client->getMeshGrid();
+	// Gets world position from block map position
+	const auto get_block_wpos = [&] (v3s16 pos) -> v3f {
+		return intToFloat(mesh_grid.getMeshPos(pos) * MAP_BLOCKSIZE - m_camera_offset, BS);
+	};
 
-	u32 vertex_count = 0;
-	u32 drawcall_count = 0;
+	u32 merged_count = 0;
 
 	// For limiting number of mesh animations per frame
 	u32 mesh_animate_count = 0;
-	//u32 mesh_animate_count_far = 0;
 
 	/*
 		Update transparent meshes
@@ -737,18 +916,18 @@ void ClientMap::renderMap(video::IVideoDriver* driver, s32 pass)
 		updateTransparentMeshBuffers();
 
 	/*
-		Draw the selected MapBlocks
+		Collect everything we need to draw
 	*/
+	TimeTaker tt_collect("");
 
 	MeshBufListMaps grouped_buffers;
-	std::vector<DrawDescriptor> draw_order;
-	video::SMaterial previous_material;
+	std::vector<scene::IMeshBuffer*> buffer_trash;
+	DrawDescriptorList draw_order;
 
 	auto is_frustum_culled = m_client->getCamera()->getFrustumCuller();
 
-	const MeshGrid mesh_grid = m_client->getMeshGrid();
 	for (auto &i : m_drawlist) {
-		v3s16 block_pos = i.first;
+		const v3s16 block_pos = i.first;
 		MapBlock *block = i.second;
 		MapBlockMesh *block_mesh = block->mesh;
 
@@ -789,49 +968,28 @@ void ClientMap::renderMap(video::IVideoDriver* driver, s32 pass)
 			// In transparent pass, the mesh will give us
 			// the partial buffers in the correct order
 			for (auto &buffer : block_mesh->getTransparentBuffers())
-				draw_order.emplace_back(block_pos, &buffer);
-		}
-		else {
-			// otherwise, group buffers across meshes
-			// using MeshBufListMaps
-			for (int layer = 0; layer < MAX_TILE_LAYERS; layer++) {
-				scene::IMesh *mesh = block_mesh->getMesh(layer);
-				assert(mesh);
-
-				u32 c = mesh->getMeshBufferCount();
-				for (u32 i = 0; i < c; i++) {
-					scene::IMeshBuffer *buf = mesh->getMeshBuffer(i);
-
-					video::SMaterial& material = buf->getMaterial();
-					video::IMaterialRenderer* rnd =
-							driver->getMaterialRenderer(material.MaterialType);
-					bool transparent = (rnd && rnd->isTransparent());
-					if (!transparent) {
-						if (buf->getVertexCount() == 0)
-							errorstream << "Block [" << analyze_block(block)
-									<< "] contains an empty meshbuf" << std::endl;
-
-						grouped_buffers.add(buf, block_pos, layer);
-					}
-				}
-			}
+				draw_order.emplace_back(get_block_wpos(block_pos), &buffer);
+		} else {
+			// Otherwise, group them
+			grouped_buffers.addFromBlock(block_pos, block_mesh, driver);
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Capture draw order for all solid meshes
+	assert(!is_transparent_pass || grouped_buffers.empty());
 	for (auto &map : grouped_buffers.maps) {
 		for (auto &list : map) {
-			// iterate in reverse to draw closest blocks first
-			for (auto it = list.second.rbegin(); it != list.second.rend(); ++it) {
-				draw_order.emplace_back(it->first, it->second, it != list.second.rbegin());
-			}
+			merged_count += transformBuffersToDrawOrder(
+				list.second, draw_order, get_block_wpos, buffer_trash);
 		}
 	}
 
-	TimeTaker draw("Drawing mesh buffers");
+	g_profiler->avg(prefix + "collecting [ms]", tt_collect.stop(true));
+
+	TimeTaker tt_draw("");
 
 	core::matrix4 m; // Model matrix
-	v3f offset = intToFloat(m_camera_offset, BS);
+	u32 vertex_count = 0;
+	u32 drawcall_count = 0;
 	u32 material_swaps = 0;
 
 	// Render all mesh buffers in order
@@ -867,18 +1025,17 @@ void ClientMap::renderMap(video::IVideoDriver* driver, s32 pass)
 			material.TextureLayers[ShadowRenderer::TEXTURE_LAYER_SHADOW].Texture = nullptr;
 		}
 
-		v3f block_wpos = intToFloat(mesh_grid.getMeshPos(descriptor.m_pos) * MAP_BLOCKSIZE, BS);
-		m.setTranslation(block_wpos - offset);
-
+		m.setTranslation(descriptor.m_pos);
 		driver->setTransform(video::ETS_WORLD, m);
+
 		vertex_count += descriptor.draw(driver);
 	}
 
-	g_profiler->avg(prefix + "draw meshes [ms]", draw.stop(true));
+	g_profiler->avg(prefix + "draw meshes [ms]", tt_draw.stop(true));
 
-	// Log only on solid pass because values are the same
 	if (pass == scene::ESNRP_SOLID) {
 		g_profiler->avg("renderMap(): animated meshes [#]", mesh_animate_count);
+		g_profiler->avg(prefix + "merged buffers [#]", merged_count);
 	}
 
 	if (pass == scene::ESNRP_TRANSPARENT) {
@@ -888,6 +1045,9 @@ void ClientMap::renderMap(video::IVideoDriver* driver, s32 pass)
 	g_profiler->avg(prefix + "vertices drawn [#]", vertex_count);
 	g_profiler->avg(prefix + "drawcalls [#]", drawcall_count);
 	g_profiler->avg(prefix + "material swaps [#]", material_swaps);
+
+	for (auto &x : buffer_trash)
+		x->drop();
 }
 
 static bool getVisibleBrightness(Map *map, const v3f &p0, v3f dir, float step,
@@ -1096,12 +1256,15 @@ void ClientMap::renderMapShadows(video::IVideoDriver *driver,
 	else
 		prefix = "renderMap(SHADOW SOLID): ";
 
-	u32 drawcall_count = 0;
-	u32 vertex_count = 0;
+	const auto mesh_grid = m_client->getMeshGrid();
+	// Gets world position from block map position
+	const auto get_block_wpos = [&] (v3s16 pos) -> v3f {
+		return intToFloat(mesh_grid.getMeshPos(pos) * MAP_BLOCKSIZE - m_camera_offset, BS);
+	};
 
 	MeshBufListMaps grouped_buffers;
-	std::vector<DrawDescriptor> draw_order;
-
+	std::vector<scene::IMeshBuffer*> buffer_trash;
+	DrawDescriptorList draw_order;
 
 	std::size_t count = 0;
 	std::size_t meshes_per_frame = m_drawlist_shadow.size() / total_frames + 1;
@@ -1113,7 +1276,6 @@ void ClientMap::renderMapShadows(video::IVideoDriver *driver,
 		return;
 	}
 
-	const MeshGrid mesh_grid = m_client->getMeshGrid();
 	for (const auto &i : m_drawlist_shadow) {
 		// only process specific part of the list & break early
 		++count;
@@ -1136,52 +1298,25 @@ void ClientMap::renderMapShadows(video::IVideoDriver *driver,
 			// In transparent pass, the mesh will give us
 			// the partial buffers in the correct order
 			for (auto &buffer : block->mesh->getTransparentBuffers())
-				draw_order.emplace_back(block_pos, &buffer);
-		}
-		else {
-			// otherwise, group buffers across meshes
-			// using MeshBufListMaps
-			MapBlockMesh *mapBlockMesh = block->mesh;
-			assert(mapBlockMesh);
-
-			for (int layer = 0; layer < MAX_TILE_LAYERS; layer++) {
-				scene::IMesh *mesh = mapBlockMesh->getMesh(layer);
-				assert(mesh);
-
-				u32 c = mesh->getMeshBufferCount();
-				for (u32 i = 0; i < c; i++) {
-					scene::IMeshBuffer *buf = mesh->getMeshBuffer(i);
-
-					video::SMaterial &mat = buf->getMaterial();
-					auto rnd = driver->getMaterialRenderer(mat.MaterialType);
-					bool transparent = rnd && rnd->isTransparent();
-					if (!transparent)
-						grouped_buffers.add(buf, block_pos, layer);
-				}
-			}
+				draw_order.emplace_back(get_block_wpos(block_pos), &buffer);
+		} else {
+			// Otherwise, group them
+			grouped_buffers.addFromBlock(block_pos, block->mesh, driver);
 		}
 	}
 
-	u32 buffer_count = 0;
-	for (auto &map : grouped_buffers.maps)
-		for (auto &list : map)
-			buffer_count += list.second.size();
-
-	draw_order.reserve(draw_order.size() + buffer_count);
-
-	// Capture draw order for all solid meshes
 	for (auto &map : grouped_buffers.maps) {
 		for (auto &list : map) {
-			// iterate in reverse to draw closest blocks first
-			for (auto it = list.second.rbegin(); it != list.second.rend(); ++it)
-				draw_order.emplace_back(it->first, it->second, it != list.second.rbegin());
+			transformBuffersToDrawOrder(
+				list.second, draw_order, get_block_wpos, buffer_trash);
 		}
 	}
 
-	TimeTaker draw("Drawing shadow mesh buffers");
+	TimeTaker draw("");
 
 	core::matrix4 m; // Model matrix
-	v3f offset = intToFloat(m_camera_offset, BS);
+	u32 drawcall_count = 0;
+	u32 vertex_count = 0;
 	u32 material_swaps = 0;
 
 	// Render all mesh buffers in order
@@ -1221,8 +1356,7 @@ void ClientMap::renderMapShadows(video::IVideoDriver *driver,
 			++material_swaps;
 		}
 
-		v3f block_wpos = intToFloat(mesh_grid.getMeshPos(descriptor.m_pos) * MAP_BLOCKSIZE, BS);
-		m.setTranslation(block_wpos - offset);
+		m.setTranslation(descriptor.m_pos);
 
 		driver->setTransform(video::ETS_WORLD, m);
 		vertex_count += descriptor.draw(driver);
@@ -1232,12 +1366,16 @@ void ClientMap::renderMapShadows(video::IVideoDriver *driver,
 	video::SMaterial clean;
 	clean.BlendOperation = video::EBO_ADD;
 	driver->setMaterial(clean); // reset material to defaults
+	// FIXME: why is this here?
 	driver->draw3DLine(v3f(), v3f(), video::SColor(0));
 
 	g_profiler->avg(prefix + "draw meshes [ms]", draw.stop(true));
 	g_profiler->avg(prefix + "vertices drawn [#]", vertex_count);
 	g_profiler->avg(prefix + "drawcalls [#]", drawcall_count);
 	g_profiler->avg(prefix + "material swaps [#]", material_swaps);
+
+	for (auto &x : buffer_trash)
+		x->drop();
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1347,12 +1485,12 @@ void ClientMap::updateTransparentMeshBuffers()
 	m_needs_update_transparent_meshes = false;
 }
 
-video::SMaterial &ClientMap::DrawDescriptor::getMaterial()
+video::SMaterial &DrawDescriptor::getMaterial()
 {
 	return (m_use_partial_buffer ? m_partial_buffer->getBuffer() : m_buffer)->getMaterial();
 }
 
-u32 ClientMap::DrawDescriptor::draw(video::IVideoDriver* driver)
+u32 DrawDescriptor::draw(video::IVideoDriver* driver)
 {
 	if (m_use_partial_buffer) {
 		m_partial_buffer->draw(driver);

src/client/clientmap.h

@@ -115,7 +115,6 @@ private:
 	// update the vertex order in transparent mesh buffers
 	void updateTransparentMeshBuffers();
 
-
 	// Orders blocks by distance to the camera
 	class MapBlockComparer
 	{
@@ -133,30 +132,6 @@ private:
 		v3s16 m_camera_block;
 	};
 
-
-	// reference to a mesh buffer used when rendering the map.
-	struct DrawDescriptor {
-		v3s16 m_pos;
-		union {
-			scene::IMeshBuffer *m_buffer;
-			const PartialMeshBuffer *m_partial_buffer;
-		};
-		bool m_reuse_material:1;
-		bool m_use_partial_buffer:1;
-
-		DrawDescriptor(v3s16 pos, scene::IMeshBuffer *buffer, bool reuse_material) :
-			m_pos(pos), m_buffer(buffer), m_reuse_material(reuse_material), m_use_partial_buffer(false)
-		{}
-
-		DrawDescriptor(v3s16 pos, const PartialMeshBuffer *buffer) :
-			m_pos(pos), m_partial_buffer(buffer), m_reuse_material(false), m_use_partial_buffer(true)
-		{}
-
-		video::SMaterial &getMaterial();
-		/// @return index count
-		u32 draw(video::IVideoDriver* driver);
-	};
-
 	Client *m_client;
 	RenderingEngine *m_rendering_engine;
 
@@ -177,8 +152,6 @@ private:
 	std::map<v3s16, MapBlock*> m_drawlist_shadow;
 	bool m_needs_update_drawlist;
 
-	std::set<v2s16> m_last_drawn_sectors;
-
 	bool m_cache_trilinear_filter;
 	bool m_cache_bilinear_filter;
 	bool m_cache_anistropic_filter;

src/client/clouds.h

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ private:
 	// Was the mesh ever generated?
 	bool m_mesh_valid = false;
 
-	aabb3f m_box;
+	aabb3f m_box{{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
 	v2f m_origin;
 	u16 m_cloud_radius_i;
 	u32 m_seed;

src/client/content_mapblock.cpp

@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@
 #include "nodedef.h"
 #include "client/tile.h"
 #include "mesh.h"
-#include <IMeshManipulator.h>
 #include "client/meshgen/collector.h"
 #include "client/renderingengine.h"
 #include "client.h"
@@ -60,12 +59,10 @@ static const auto &quad_indices = quad_indices_02;
 
 const std::string MapblockMeshGenerator::raillike_groupname = "connect_to_raillike";
 
-MapblockMeshGenerator::MapblockMeshGenerator(MeshMakeData *input, MeshCollector *output,
-		scene::IMeshManipulator *mm):
+MapblockMeshGenerator::MapblockMeshGenerator(MeshMakeData *input, MeshCollector *output):
 	data(input),
 	collector(output),
 	nodedef(data->nodedef),
-	meshmanip(mm),
 	blockpos_nodes(data->m_blockpos * MAP_BLOCKSIZE),
 	smooth_liquids(g_settings->getBool("enable_water_reflections"))
 {

src/client/content_mapblock.h

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "nodedef.h"
-#include <IMeshManipulator.h>
 
 struct MeshMakeData;
 struct MeshCollector;
@@ -46,8 +45,7 @@ struct LightFrame {
 class MapblockMeshGenerator
 {
 public:
-	MapblockMeshGenerator(MeshMakeData *input, MeshCollector *output,
-			scene::IMeshManipulator *mm);
+	MapblockMeshGenerator(MeshMakeData *input, MeshCollector *output);
 	void generate();
 	void renderSingle(content_t node, u8 param2 = 0x00);
 
@@ -56,7 +54,6 @@ private:
 	MeshCollector *const collector;
 
 	const NodeDefManager *const nodedef;
-	scene::IMeshManipulator *const meshmanip;
 
 	const v3s16 blockpos_nodes;
 

src/client/fontengine.cpp

@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ unsigned int FontEngine::getLineHeight(const FontSpec &spec)
 	gui::IGUIFont *font = getFont(spec);
 
 	return font->getDimension(L"Some unimportant example String").Height
-			+ font->getKerningHeight();
+			+ font->getKerning(L'S').Y;
 }
 
 /******************************************************************************/

src/client/game.cpp

@@ -1752,8 +1752,8 @@ void Game::updateProfilers(const RunStats &stats, const FpsControl &draw_times,
 	if (stats2.Drawcalls > 0)
 		g_profiler->avg("Irr: primitives per drawcall",
 			stats2.PrimitivesDrawn / float(stats2.Drawcalls));
-	g_profiler->avg("Irr: buffers uploaded", stats2.HWBuffersUploaded);
-	g_profiler->avg("Irr: buffers uploaded (bytes)", stats2.HWBuffersUploadedSize);
+	g_profiler->avg("Irr: HW buffers uploaded", stats2.HWBuffersUploaded);
+	g_profiler->avg("Irr: HW buffers active", stats2.HWBuffersActive);
 }
 
 void Game::updateStats(RunStats *stats, const FpsControl &draw_times,
@@ -3246,7 +3246,7 @@ PointedThing Game::updatePointedThing(
 		hud->pointing_at_object = true;
 
 		runData.selected_object = client->getEnv().getActiveObject(result.object_id);
-		aabb3f selection_box;
+		aabb3f selection_box{{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
 		if (show_entity_selectionbox && runData.selected_object->doShowSelectionBox() &&
 				runData.selected_object->getSelectionBox(&selection_box)) {
 			v3f pos = runData.selected_object->getPosition();

src/client/gameui.cpp

@@ -104,11 +104,11 @@ void GameUI::update(const RunStats &stats, Client *client, MapDrawControl *draw_
 		os << std::fixed
 			<< PROJECT_NAME_C " " << g_version_hash
 			<< " | FPS: " << fps
-			<< std::setprecision(0)
+			<< std::setprecision(fps >= 100 ? 1 : 0)
 			<< " | drawtime: " << m_drawtime_avg << "ms"
 			<< std::setprecision(1)
 			<< " | dtime jitter: "
-			<< (stats.dtime_jitter.max_fraction * 100.0) << "%"
+			<< (stats.dtime_jitter.max_fraction * 100.0f) << "%"
 			<< std::setprecision(1)
 			<< " | view range: "
 			<< (draw_control->range_all ? "All" : itos(draw_control->wanted_range))

src/client/hud.cpp

@@ -874,7 +874,6 @@ void Hud::drawSelectionMesh()
 {
 	if (m_mode == HIGHLIGHT_NONE || (m_mode == HIGHLIGHT_HALO && !m_selection_mesh))
 		return;
-	const video::SMaterial oldmaterial = driver->getMaterial2D();
 	driver->setMaterial(m_selection_material);
 	const core::matrix4 oldtransform = driver->getTransform(video::ETS_WORLD);
 
@@ -910,7 +909,6 @@ void Hud::drawSelectionMesh()
 			driver->drawMeshBuffer(buf);
 		}
 	}
-	driver->setMaterial(oldmaterial);
 	driver->setTransform(video::ETS_WORLD, oldtransform);
 }
 
@@ -935,17 +933,11 @@ void Hud::drawBlockBounds()
 		return;
 	}
 
-	video::SMaterial old_material = driver->getMaterial2D();
 	driver->setMaterial(m_block_bounds_material);
 
 	u16 mesh_chunk_size = std::max<u16>(1, g_settings->getU16("client_mesh_chunk"));
 
-	v3s16 pos = player->getStandingNodePos();
-	v3s16 block_pos(
-		floorf((float) pos.X / MAP_BLOCKSIZE),
-		floorf((float) pos.Y / MAP_BLOCKSIZE),
-		floorf((float) pos.Z / MAP_BLOCKSIZE)
-	);
+	v3s16 block_pos = getContainerPos(player->getStandingNodePos(), MAP_BLOCKSIZE);
 
 	v3f cam_offset = intToFloat(client->getCamera()->getOffset(), BS);
 
@@ -988,8 +980,6 @@ void Hud::drawBlockBounds()
 			choose_color(block_pos.Y, block_pos.Z)
 		);
 	}
-
-	driver->setMaterial(old_material);
 }
 
 void Hud::updateSelectionMesh(const v3s16 &camera_offset)

src/client/imagefilters.cpp

@@ -148,17 +148,6 @@ static void imageCleanTransparentWithInlining(video::IImage *src, u32 threshold)
 	}
 }
 
-/* Fill in RGB values for transparent pixels, to correct for odd colors
- * appearing at borders when blending.  This is because many PNG optimizers
- * like to discard RGB values of transparent pixels, but when blending then
- * with non-transparent neighbors, their RGB values will show up nonetheless.
- *
- * This function modifies the original image in-place.
- *
- * Parameter "threshold" is the alpha level below which pixels are considered
- * transparent. Should be 127 when the texture is used with ALPHA_CHANNEL_REF,
- * 0 when alpha blending is used.
- */
 void imageCleanTransparent(video::IImage *src, u32 threshold)
 {
 	if (src->getColorFormat() == video::ECF_A8R8G8B8)
@@ -167,13 +156,109 @@ void imageCleanTransparent(video::IImage *src, u32 threshold)
 		imageCleanTransparentWithInlining<false>(src, threshold);
 }
 
-/* Scale a region of an image into another image, using nearest-neighbor with
- * anti-aliasing; treat pixels as crisp rectangles, but blend them at boundaries
- * to prevent non-integer scaling ratio artifacts.  Note that this may cause
- * some blending at the edges where pixels don't line up perfectly, but this
- * filter is designed to produce the most accurate results for both upscaling
- * and downscaling.
- */
+/**********************************/
+
+namespace {
+	// For more colorspace transformations, see for example
+	// <https://github.com/tobspr/GLSL-Color-Spaces/blob/master/ColorSpaces.inc.glsl>
+
+	inline float linear_to_srgb_component(float v)
+	{
+		if (v > 0.0031308f)
+			return 1.055f * powf(v, 1.0f / 2.4f) - 0.055f;
+		return 12.92f * v;
+	}
+	inline float srgb_to_linear_component(float v)
+	{
+		if (v > 0.04045f)
+			return powf((v + 0.055f) / 1.055f, 2.4f);
+		return v / 12.92f;
+	}
+
+	template <float (*F)(float)>
+	struct LUT8 {
+		std::array<float, 256> t;
+		LUT8() {
+			for (size_t i = 0; i < t.size(); i++)
+				t[i] = F(i / 255.0f);
+		}
+	};
+	LUT8<srgb_to_linear_component> srgb_to_linear_lut;
+
+	v3f srgb_to_linear(const video::SColor col_srgb)
+	{
+		v3f col(srgb_to_linear_lut.t[col_srgb.getRed()],
+			srgb_to_linear_lut.t[col_srgb.getGreen()],
+			srgb_to_linear_lut.t[col_srgb.getBlue()]);
+		return col;
+	}
+
+	video::SColor linear_to_srgb(const v3f col_linear)
+	{
+		v3f col;
+		// we can't LUT this without losing precision, but thankfully we call
+		// it just once :)
+		col.X = linear_to_srgb_component(col_linear.X);
+		col.Y = linear_to_srgb_component(col_linear.Y);
+		col.Z = linear_to_srgb_component(col_linear.Z);
+		col *= 255.0f;
+		col.X = core::clamp<float>(col.X, 0.0f, 255.0f);
+		col.Y = core::clamp<float>(col.Y, 0.0f, 255.0f);
+		col.Z = core::clamp<float>(col.Z, 0.0f, 255.0f);
+		return video::SColor(0xff, myround(col.X), myround(col.Y),
+			myround(col.Z));
+	}
+}
+
+template <bool IS_A8R8G8B8>
+static video::SColor imageAverageColorInline(const video::IImage *src)
+{
+	void *const src_data = src->getData();
+	const core::dimension2du dim = src->getDimension();
+
+	auto get_pixel = [=](u32 x, u32 y) -> video::SColor {
+		if constexpr (IS_A8R8G8B8) {
+			return reinterpret_cast<u32 *>(src_data)[y*dim.Width + x];
+		} else {
+			return src->getPixel(x, y);
+		}
+	};
+
+	u32 total = 0;
+	v3f col_acc;
+	// limit runtime cost
+	const u32 stepx = std::max(1U, dim.Width / 16),
+		stepy = std::max(1U, dim.Height / 16);
+	for (u32 x = 0; x < dim.Width; x += stepx) {
+		for (u32 y = 0; y < dim.Height; y += stepy) {
+			video::SColor c = get_pixel(x, y);
+			if (c.getAlpha() > 0) {
+				total++;
+				col_acc += srgb_to_linear(c);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	video::SColor ret(0, 0, 0, 0);
+	if (total > 0) {
+		col_acc /= total;
+		ret = linear_to_srgb(col_acc);
+	}
+	ret.setAlpha(255);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+video::SColor imageAverageColor(const video::IImage *img)
+{
+	if (img->getColorFormat() == video::ECF_A8R8G8B8)
+		return imageAverageColorInline<true>(img);
+	else
+		return imageAverageColorInline<false>(img);
+}
+
+
+/**********************************/
+
 void imageScaleNNAA(video::IImage *src, const core::rect<s32> &srcrect, video::IImage *dest)
 {
 	double sx, sy, minsx, maxsx, minsy, maxsy, area, ra, ga, ba, aa, pw, ph, pa;

src/client/imagefilters.h

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 #include "irrlichttypes.h"
 #include <rect.h>
+#include <SColor.h>
 
 namespace irr::video
 {
@@ -26,6 +27,10 @@ namespace irr::video
  */
 void imageCleanTransparent(video::IImage *src, u32 threshold);
 
+/* Returns the gamma-correct average color of the image, with transparent pixels
+ * ignored. */
+video::SColor imageAverageColor(const video::IImage *img);
+
 /* Scale a region of an image into another image, using nearest-neighbor with
  * anti-aliasing; treat pixels as crisp rectangles, but blend them at boundaries
  * to prevent non-integer scaling ratio artifacts.  Note that this may cause

src/client/imagesource.cpp

@@ -31,8 +31,7 @@ void SourceImageCache::insert(const std::string &name, video::IImage *img, bool
 {
 	assert(img); // Pre-condition
 	// Remove old image
-	std::map<std::string, video::IImage*>::iterator n;
-	n = m_images.find(name);
+	auto n = m_images.find(name);
 	if (n != m_images.end()){
 		if (n->second)
 			n->second->drop();
@@ -63,8 +62,7 @@ void SourceImageCache::insert(const std::string &name, video::IImage *img, bool
 
 video::IImage* SourceImageCache::get(const std::string &name)
 {
-	std::map<std::string, video::IImage*>::iterator n;
-	n = m_images.find(name);
+	auto n = m_images.find(name);
 	if (n != m_images.end())
 		return n->second;
 	return nullptr;
@@ -73,8 +71,7 @@ video::IImage* SourceImageCache::get(const std::string &name)
 // Primarily fetches from cache, secondarily tries to read from filesystem
 video::IImage* SourceImageCache::getOrLoad(const std::string &name)
 {
-	std::map<std::string, video::IImage*>::iterator n;
-	n = m_images.find(name);
+	auto n = m_images.find(name);
 	if (n != m_images.end()){
 		n->second->grab(); // Grab for caller
 		return n->second;
@@ -166,13 +163,13 @@ static void draw_crack(video::IImage *crack, video::IImage *dst,
 		video::IVideoDriver *driver, u8 tiles = 1);
 
 // Brighten image
-void brighten(video::IImage *image);
+static void brighten(video::IImage *image);
 // Parse a transform name
-u32 parseImageTransform(std::string_view s);
+static u32 parseImageTransform(std::string_view s);
 // Apply transform to image dimension
-core::dimension2d<u32> imageTransformDimension(u32 transform, core::dimension2d<u32> dim);
+static core::dimension2du imageTransformDimension(u32 transform, core::dimension2du dim);
 // Apply transform to image data
-void imageTransform(u32 transform, video::IImage *src, video::IImage *dst);
+static void imageTransform(u32 transform, video::IImage *src, video::IImage *dst);
 
 inline static void applyShadeFactor(video::SColor &color, u32 factor)
 {
@@ -289,7 +286,7 @@ static video::IImage *createInventoryCubeImage(
 	return result;
 }
 
-static std::string unescape_string(const std::string &str, const char esc = '\\')
+static std::string unescape_string(std::string_view str, const char esc = '\\')
 {
 	std::string out;
 	size_t pos = 0, cpos;
@@ -300,7 +297,8 @@ static std::string unescape_string(const std::string &str, const char esc = '\\'
 			out += str.substr(pos);
 			break;
 		}
-		out += str.substr(pos, cpos - pos) + str[cpos + 1];
+		out += str.substr(pos, cpos - pos);
+		out += str[cpos + 1];
 		pos = cpos + 2;
 	}
 	return out;
@@ -312,7 +310,7 @@ static std::string unescape_string(const std::string &str, const char esc = '\\'
 	Ensure no other references to these images are being held, as one may
 	get dropped and switched with a new image.
 */
-void upscaleImagesToMatchLargest(video::IImage *& img1,
+static void upscaleImagesToMatchLargest(video::IImage *& img1,
 	video::IImage *& img2)
 {
 	core::dimension2d<u32> dim1 = img1->getDimension();
@@ -340,7 +338,7 @@ void upscaleImagesToMatchLargest(video::IImage *& img1,
 	}
 }
 
-void blitBaseImage(video::IImage* &src, video::IImage* &dst)
+static void blitBaseImage(video::IImage* &src, video::IImage* &dst)
 {
 	//infostream<<"Blitting "<<part_of_name<<" on base"<<std::endl;
 	upscaleImagesToMatchLargest(dst, src);
@@ -411,9 +409,10 @@ void blit_pixel(video::SColor src_col, video::SColor &dst_col)
 	dst_col.set(dst_a, dst.r, dst.g, dst.b);
 }
 
-}  // namespace
+}  // namespace (anonymous)
+
 template<bool overlay>
-void blit_with_alpha(video::IImage *src, video::IImage *dst, v2s32 dst_pos,
+static void blit_with_alpha(video::IImage *src, video::IImage *dst, v2s32 dst_pos,
 	v2u32 size)
 {
 	if (dst->getColorFormat() != video::ECF_A8R8G8B8)
@@ -427,13 +426,12 @@ void blit_with_alpha(video::IImage *src, video::IImage *dst, v2s32 dst_pos,
 		video::IVideoDriver *driver = RenderingEngine::get_video_driver();
 		video::IImage *src_converted = driver->createImage(video::ECF_A8R8G8B8,
 			src_dim);
-		if (!src_converted)
-			throw BaseException("blit_with_alpha() failed to convert the "
-				"source image to ECF_A8R8G8B8.");
+		sanity_check(src_converted != nullptr);
 		src->copyTo(src_converted);
 		src = src_converted;
 		drop_src = true;
 	}
+
 	video::SColor *pixels_src =
 		reinterpret_cast<video::SColor *>(src->getData());
 	video::SColor *pixels_dst =
@@ -453,6 +451,7 @@ void blit_with_alpha(video::IImage *src, video::IImage *dst, v2s32 dst_pos,
 			blit_pixel<overlay>(pixels_src[i_src++], pixels_dst[i_dst++]);
 		}
 	}
+
 	if (drop_src)
 		src->drop();
 }
@@ -726,7 +725,7 @@ static void apply_mask(video::IImage *mask, video::IImage *dst,
 	}
 }
 
-video::IImage *create_crack_image(video::IImage *crack, s32 frame_index,
+static video::IImage *create_crack_image(video::IImage *crack, s32 frame_index,
 		core::dimension2d<u32> size, u8 tiles, video::IVideoDriver *driver)
 {
 	core::dimension2d<u32> strip_size = crack->getDimension();
@@ -804,7 +803,7 @@ static void draw_crack(video::IImage *crack, video::IImage *dst,
 	crack_scaled->drop();
 }
 
-void brighten(video::IImage *image)
+static void brighten(video::IImage *image)
 {
 	if (image == NULL)
 		return;
@@ -822,7 +821,7 @@ void brighten(video::IImage *image)
 	}
 }
 
-u32 parseImageTransform(std::string_view s)
+static u32 parseImageTransform(std::string_view s)
 {
 	int total_transform = 0;
 
@@ -872,15 +871,15 @@ u32 parseImageTransform(std::string_view s)
 	return total_transform;
 }
 
-core::dimension2d<u32> imageTransformDimension(u32 transform, core::dimension2d<u32> dim)
+static core::dimension2du imageTransformDimension(u32 transform, core::dimension2du dim)
 {
 	if (transform % 2 == 0)
 		return dim;
 
-	return core::dimension2d<u32>(dim.Height, dim.Width);
+	return core::dimension2du(dim.Height, dim.Width);
 }
 
-void imageTransform(u32 transform, video::IImage *src, video::IImage *dst)
+static void imageTransform(u32 transform, video::IImage *src, video::IImage *dst)
 {
 	if (src == NULL || dst == NULL)
 		return;
@@ -925,48 +924,6 @@ void imageTransform(u32 transform, video::IImage *src, video::IImage *dst)
 	}
 }
 
-namespace {
-	// For more colorspace transformations, see for example
-	// https://github.com/tobspr/GLSL-Color-Spaces/blob/master/ColorSpaces.inc.glsl
-
-	inline float linear_to_srgb_component(float v)
-	{
-		if (v > 0.0031308f)
-			return 1.055f * powf(v, 1.0f / 2.4f) - 0.055f;
-		return 12.92f * v;
-	}
-	inline float srgb_to_linear_component(float v)
-	{
-		if (v > 0.04045f)
-			return powf((v + 0.055f) / 1.055f, 2.4f);
-		return v / 12.92f;
-	}
-
-	v3f srgb_to_linear(const video::SColor col_srgb)
-	{
-		v3f col(col_srgb.getRed(), col_srgb.getGreen(), col_srgb.getBlue());
-		col /= 255.0f;
-		col.X = srgb_to_linear_component(col.X);
-		col.Y = srgb_to_linear_component(col.Y);
-		col.Z = srgb_to_linear_component(col.Z);
-		return col;
-	}
-
-	video::SColor linear_to_srgb(const v3f col_linear)
-	{
-		v3f col;
-		col.X = linear_to_srgb_component(col_linear.X);
-		col.Y = linear_to_srgb_component(col_linear.Y);
-		col.Z = linear_to_srgb_component(col_linear.Z);
-		col *= 255.0f;
-		col.X = core::clamp<float>(col.X, 0.0f, 255.0f);
-		col.Y = core::clamp<float>(col.Y, 0.0f, 255.0f);
-		col.Z = core::clamp<float>(col.Z, 0.0f, 255.0f);
-		return video::SColor(0xff, myround(col.X), myround(col.Y),
-			myround(col.Z));
-	}
-}
-
 
 ///////////////////////////
 // ImageSource Functions //
@@ -1017,18 +974,12 @@ bool ImageSource::generateImagePart(std::string_view part_of_name,
 		std::string part_s(part_of_name);
 		source_image_names.insert(part_s);
 		video::IImage *image = m_sourcecache.getOrLoad(part_s);
+
 		if (!image) {
 			// Do not create the dummy texture
 			if (part_of_name.empty())
 				return true;
 
-			// Do not create normalmap dummies
-			if (str_ends_with(part_of_name, "_normal.png")) {
-				warningstream << "generateImagePart(): Could not load normal map \""
-					<< part_of_name << "\"" << std::endl;
-				return true;
-			}
-
 			errorstream << "generateImagePart(): Could not load image \""
 				<< part_of_name << "\" while building texture; "
 				"Creating a dummy image" << std::endl;
@@ -1040,16 +991,15 @@ bool ImageSource::generateImagePart(std::string_view part_of_name,
 					myrand()%256,myrand()%256));
 		}
 
-		// If base image is NULL, load as base.
-		if (baseimg == NULL)
+		// load as base or blit
+		if (!baseimg)
 		{
 			/*
 				Copy it this way to get an alpha channel.
 				Otherwise images with alpha cannot be blitted on
 				images that don't have alpha in the original file.
 			*/
-			core::dimension2d<u32> dim = image->getDimension();
-			baseimg = driver->createImage(video::ECF_A8R8G8B8, dim);
+			baseimg = driver->createImage(video::ECF_A8R8G8B8, image->getDimension());
 			image->copyTo(baseimg);
 		}
 		// Else blit on base.
@@ -1705,14 +1655,17 @@ bool ImageSource::generateImagePart(std::string_view part_of_name,
 				return false;
 			}
 
+			// blit or use as base
 			if (baseimg) {
 				blitBaseImage(pngimg, baseimg);
-			} else {
-				core::dimension2d<u32> dim = pngimg->getDimension();
-				baseimg = driver->createImage(video::ECF_A8R8G8B8, dim);
-				pngimg->copyTo(baseimg);
-			}
 				pngimg->drop();
+			} else if (pngimg->getColorFormat() != video::ECF_A8R8G8B8) {
+				baseimg = driver->createImage(video::ECF_A8R8G8B8, pngimg->getDimension());
+				pngimg->copyTo(baseimg);
+				pngimg->drop();
+			} else {
+				baseimg = pngimg;
+			}
 		}
 		/*
 			[hsl:hue:saturation:lightness
@@ -1945,32 +1898,7 @@ video::IImage* ImageSource::generateImage(std::string_view name,
 	return baseimg;
 }
 
-video::SColor ImageSource::getImageAverageColor(const video::IImage &image)
+void ImageSource::insertSourceImage(const std::string &name, video::IImage *img, bool prefer_local)
 {
-	video::SColor c(0, 0, 0, 0);
-	u32 total = 0;
-	v3f col_acc(0, 0, 0);
-	core::dimension2d<u32> dim = image.getDimension();
-	u16 step = 1;
-	if (dim.Width > 16)
-		step = dim.Width / 16;
-	for (u16 x = 0; x < dim.Width; x += step) {
-		for (u16 y = 0; y < dim.Width; y += step) {
-			c = image.getPixel(x,y);
-			if (c.getAlpha() > 0) {
-				total++;
-				col_acc += srgb_to_linear(c);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	if (total > 0) {
-		col_acc /= total;
-		c = linear_to_srgb(col_acc);
-	}
-	c.setAlpha(255);
-	return c;
-}
-
-void ImageSource::insertSourceImage(const std::string &name, video::IImage *img, bool prefer_local) {
 	m_sourcecache.insert(name, img, prefer_local);
 }

src/client/imagesource.h

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <IImage.h>
-#include <map>
+#include <unordered_map>
 #include <set>
 #include <string>
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ public:
 	// Primarily fetches from cache, secondarily tries to read from filesystem.
 	video::IImage *getOrLoad(const std::string &name);
 private:
-	std::map<std::string, video::IImage*> m_images;
+	std::unordered_map<std::string, video::IImage*> m_images;
 };
 
 // Generates images using texture modifiers, and caches source images.
@@ -45,9 +45,6 @@ struct ImageSource {
 	// Insert a source image into the cache without touching the filesystem.
 	void insertSourceImage(const std::string &name, video::IImage *img, bool prefer_local);
 
-	// TODO should probably be moved elsewhere
-	static video::SColor getImageAverageColor(const video::IImage &image);
-
 private:
 
 	// Generate image based on a string like "stone.png" or "[crack:1:0".

src/client/localplayer.cpp

@@ -75,10 +75,8 @@ static aabb3f getNodeBoundingBox(const std::vector<aabb3f> &nodeboxes)
 	if (nodeboxes.empty())
 		return aabb3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
 
-	aabb3f b_max;
-
-	std::vector<aabb3f>::const_iterator it = nodeboxes.begin();
-	b_max = aabb3f(it->MinEdge, it->MaxEdge);
+	auto it = nodeboxes.begin();
+	aabb3f b_max(it->MinEdge, it->MaxEdge);
 
 	++it;
 	for (; it != nodeboxes.end(); ++it)

src/client/mapblock_mesh.cpp

@@ -633,8 +633,7 @@ MapBlockMesh::MapBlockMesh(Client *client, MeshMakeData *data, v3s16 camera_offs
 	*/
 
 	{
-		MapblockMeshGenerator(data, &collector,
-			client->getSceneManager()->getMeshManipulator()).generate();
+		MapblockMeshGenerator(data, &collector).generate();
 	}
 
 	/*

src/client/mesh.cpp

@@ -105,8 +105,7 @@ void scaleMesh(scene::IMesh *mesh, v3f scale)
 	if (mesh == NULL)
 		return;
 
-	aabb3f bbox;
-	bbox.reset(0, 0, 0);
+	aabb3f bbox{{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
 
 	u32 mc = mesh->getMeshBufferCount();
 	for (u32 j = 0; j < mc; j++) {
@@ -134,8 +133,7 @@ void translateMesh(scene::IMesh *mesh, v3f vec)
 	if (mesh == NULL)
 		return;
 
-	aabb3f bbox;
-	bbox.reset(0, 0, 0);
+	aabb3f bbox{{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
 
 	u32 mc = mesh->getMeshBufferCount();
 	for (u32 j = 0; j < mc; j++) {
@@ -296,8 +294,7 @@ void rotateMeshBy6dFacedir(scene::IMesh *mesh, u8 facedir)
 
 void recalculateBoundingBox(scene::IMesh *src_mesh)
 {
-	aabb3f bbox;
-	bbox.reset(0,0,0);
+	aabb3f bbox{{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
 	for (u16 j = 0; j < src_mesh->getMeshBufferCount(); j++) {
 		scene::IMeshBuffer *buf = src_mesh->getMeshBuffer(j);
 		buf->recalculateBoundingBox();

src/client/particles.cpp

@@ -619,15 +619,22 @@ const core::aabbox3df &ParticleBuffer::getBoundingBox() const
 	if (!m_bounding_box_dirty)
 		return m_mesh_buffer->BoundingBox;
 
-	core::aabbox3df box;
+	core::aabbox3df box{{0, 0, 0}};
+	bool first = true;
 	for (u16 i = 0; i < m_count; i++) {
 		// check if this index is used
 		static_assert(quad_indices[1] != 0);
 		if (m_mesh_buffer->getIndices()[6 * i + 1] == 0)
 			continue;
 
-		for (u16 j = 0; j < 4; j++)
-			box.addInternalPoint(m_mesh_buffer->getPosition(i * 4 + j));
+		for (u16 j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
+			const auto pos = m_mesh_buffer->getPosition(i * 4 + j);
+			if (first)
+				box.reset(pos);
+			else
+				box.addInternalPoint(pos);
+			first = false;
+		}
 	}
 
 	m_mesh_buffer->BoundingBox = box;

src/client/renderingengine.cpp

@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ static irr::IrrlichtDevice *createDevice(SIrrlichtCreationParameters params, std
 {
 	if (requested_driver) {
 		params.DriverType = *requested_driver;
-		verbosestream << "Trying video driver " << getVideoDriverName(params.DriverType) << std::endl;
+		infostream << "Trying video driver " << getVideoDriverName(params.DriverType) << std::endl;
 		if (auto *device = createDeviceEx(params))
 			return device;
 		errorstream << "Failed to initialize the " << getVideoDriverName(params.DriverType) << " video driver" << std::endl;
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ static irr::IrrlichtDevice *createDevice(SIrrlichtCreationParameters params, std
 		if (fallback_driver == video::EDT_NULL || fallback_driver == requested_driver)
 			continue;
 		params.DriverType = fallback_driver;
-		verbosestream << "Trying video driver " << getVideoDriverName(params.DriverType) << std::endl;
+		infostream << "Trying video driver " << getVideoDriverName(params.DriverType) << std::endl;
 		if (auto *device = createDeviceEx(params))
 			return device;
 	}
@@ -374,16 +374,16 @@ void RenderingEngine::draw_load_screen(const std::wstring &text,
 std::vector<video::E_DRIVER_TYPE> RenderingEngine::getSupportedVideoDrivers()
 {
 	// Only check these drivers. We do not support software and D3D in any capacity.
-	// Order by preference (best first)
+	// ordered by preference (best first)
 	static const video::E_DRIVER_TYPE glDrivers[] = {
-		video::EDT_OPENGL,
 		video::EDT_OPENGL3,
+		video::EDT_OPENGL,
 		video::EDT_OGLES2,
 		video::EDT_NULL,
 	};
 	std::vector<video::E_DRIVER_TYPE> drivers;
 
-	for (video::E_DRIVER_TYPE driver: glDrivers) {
+	for (auto driver : glDrivers) {
 		if (IrrlichtDevice::isDriverSupported(driver))
 			drivers.push_back(driver);
 	}

src/client/shader.cpp

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 #include <IMaterialRendererServices.h>
 #include <IShaderConstantSetCallBack.h>
 #include "client/renderingengine.h"
-#include <EShaderTypes.h>
 #include "gettext.h"
 #include "log.h"
 #include "gamedef.h"
@@ -615,10 +614,16 @@ ShaderInfo ShaderSource::generateShader(const std::string &name,
 		#define textureFlags texture2
 	)";
 
+	/// Unique name of this shader, for debug/logging
+	std::string log_name = name;
+
 	/* Define constants for node and object shaders */
 	const bool node_shader = drawtype != NodeDrawType_END;
 	if (node_shader) {
 
+	log_name.append(" mat=").append(itos(material_type))
+		.append(" draw=").append(itos(drawtype));
+
 	bool use_discard = fully_programmable;
 	if (!use_discard) {
 		// workaround for a certain OpenGL implementation lacking GL_ALPHA_TEST
@@ -775,18 +780,15 @@ ShaderInfo ShaderSource::generateShader(const std::string &name,
 		geometry_shader_ptr = geometry_shader.c_str();
 	}
 
-	irr_ptr<ShaderCallback> cb{new ShaderCallback(m_setter_factories)};
-	infostream<<"Compiling high level shaders for "<<name<<std::endl;
+	auto cb = make_irr<ShaderCallback>(m_setter_factories);
+	infostream << "Compiling high level shaders for " << log_name << std::endl;
 	s32 shadermat = gpu->addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
-		vertex_shader.c_str(), nullptr, video::EVST_VS_1_1,
-		fragment_shader.c_str(), nullptr, video::EPST_PS_1_1,
-		geometry_shader_ptr, nullptr, video::EGST_GS_4_0, scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, 0,
-		cb.get(), shaderinfo.base_material,  1);
+		vertex_shader.c_str(), fragment_shader.c_str(), geometry_shader_ptr,
+		log_name.c_str(), scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, scene::EPT_TRIANGLES, 0,
+		cb.get(), shaderinfo.base_material);
 	if (shadermat == -1) {
-		errorstream<<"generate_shader(): "
-				"failed to generate \""<<name<<"\", "
-				"addHighLevelShaderMaterial failed."
-				<<std::endl;
+		errorstream << "generateShader(): failed to generate shaders for "
+			<< log_name << ", addHighLevelShaderMaterial failed." << std::endl;
 		dumpShaderProgram(warningstream, "Vertex", vertex_shader);
 		dumpShaderProgram(warningstream, "Fragment", fragment_shader);
 		dumpShaderProgram(warningstream, "Geometry", geometry_shader);

src/client/shadows/dynamicshadowsrender.cpp

@@ -14,10 +14,9 @@
 #include "client/client.h"
 #include "client/clientmap.h"
 #include "profiler.h"
-#include "EShaderTypes.h"
 #include "IGPUProgrammingServices.h"
 #include "IMaterialRenderer.h"
-#include <IVideoDriver.h>
+#include "IVideoDriver.h"
 
 ShadowRenderer::ShadowRenderer(IrrlichtDevice *device, Client *client) :
 		m_smgr(device->getSceneManager()), m_driver(device->getVideoDriver()),
@@ -539,10 +538,9 @@ void ShadowRenderer::createShaders()
 		m_shadow_depth_cb = new ShadowDepthShaderCB();
 
 		depth_shader = gpu->addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
-				readShaderFile(depth_shader_vs).c_str(), "vertexMain",
-				video::EVST_VS_1_1,
-				readShaderFile(depth_shader_fs).c_str(), "pixelMain",
-				video::EPST_PS_1_2, m_shadow_depth_cb, video::EMT_ONETEXTURE_BLEND);
+				readShaderFile(depth_shader_vs).c_str(),
+				readShaderFile(depth_shader_fs).c_str(), nullptr,
+				m_shadow_depth_cb, video::EMT_ONETEXTURE_BLEND);
 
 		if (depth_shader == -1) {
 			// upsi, something went wrong loading shader.
@@ -578,10 +576,9 @@ void ShadowRenderer::createShaders()
 		m_shadow_depth_entity_cb = new ShadowDepthShaderCB();
 
 		depth_shader_entities = gpu->addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
-				readShaderFile(depth_shader_vs).c_str(), "vertexMain",
-				video::EVST_VS_1_1,
-				readShaderFile(depth_shader_fs).c_str(), "pixelMain",
-				video::EPST_PS_1_2, m_shadow_depth_entity_cb);
+				readShaderFile(depth_shader_vs).c_str(),
+				readShaderFile(depth_shader_fs).c_str(), nullptr,
+				m_shadow_depth_entity_cb);
 
 		if (depth_shader_entities == -1) {
 			// upsi, something went wrong loading shader.
@@ -616,10 +613,9 @@ void ShadowRenderer::createShaders()
 		m_shadow_mix_cb = new shadowScreenQuadCB();
 		m_screen_quad = new shadowScreenQuad();
 		mixcsm_shader = gpu->addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
-				readShaderFile(depth_shader_vs).c_str(), "vertexMain",
-				video::EVST_VS_1_1,
-				readShaderFile(depth_shader_fs).c_str(), "pixelMain",
-				video::EPST_PS_1_2, m_shadow_mix_cb);
+				readShaderFile(depth_shader_vs).c_str(),
+				readShaderFile(depth_shader_fs).c_str(), nullptr,
+				m_shadow_mix_cb);
 
 		m_screen_quad->getMaterial().MaterialType =
 				(video::E_MATERIAL_TYPE)mixcsm_shader;
@@ -655,10 +651,9 @@ void ShadowRenderer::createShaders()
 		m_shadow_depth_trans_cb = new ShadowDepthShaderCB();
 
 		depth_shader_trans = gpu->addHighLevelShaderMaterial(
-				readShaderFile(depth_shader_vs).c_str(), "vertexMain",
-				video::EVST_VS_1_1,
-				readShaderFile(depth_shader_fs).c_str(), "pixelMain",
-				video::EPST_PS_1_2, m_shadow_depth_trans_cb);
+				readShaderFile(depth_shader_vs).c_str(),
+				readShaderFile(depth_shader_fs).c_str(), nullptr,
+				m_shadow_depth_trans_cb);
 
 		if (depth_shader_trans == -1) {
 			// upsi, something went wrong loading shader.

src/client/sky.cpp

@@ -50,8 +50,6 @@ Sky::Sky(s32 id, RenderingEngine *rendering_engine, ITextureSource *tsrc, IShade
 	m_seed = (u64)myrand() << 32 | myrand();
 
 	setAutomaticCulling(scene::EAC_OFF);
-	m_box.MaxEdge.set(0, 0, 0);
-	m_box.MinEdge.set(0, 0, 0);
 
 	m_sky_params = SkyboxDefaults::getSkyDefaults();
 	m_sun_params = SkyboxDefaults::getSunDefaults();

src/client/sky.h

@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ public:
 	}
 
 private:
-	aabb3f m_box;
+	aabb3f m_box{{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
 	video::SMaterial m_materials[SKY_MATERIAL_COUNT];
 	// How much sun & moon transition should affect horizon color
 	float m_horizon_blend()

src/client/texturesource.cpp

@@ -121,7 +121,6 @@ public:
 	// Shall be called from the main thread.
 	void rebuildImagesAndTextures();
 
-	video::ITexture* getNormalTexture(const std::string &name);
 	video::SColor getTextureAverageColor(const std::string &name);
 
 private:
@@ -488,40 +487,20 @@ void TextureSource::rebuildTexture(video::IVideoDriver *driver, TextureInfo &ti)
 		m_texture_trash.push_back(t_old);
 }
 
-video::ITexture* TextureSource::getNormalTexture(const std::string &name)
-{
-	if (isKnownSourceImage("override_normal.png"))
-		return getTexture("override_normal.png");
-	std::string fname_base = name;
-	static const char *normal_ext = "_normal.png";
-	static const u32 normal_ext_size = strlen(normal_ext);
-	size_t pos = fname_base.find('.');
-	std::string fname_normal = fname_base.substr(0, pos) + normal_ext;
-	if (isKnownSourceImage(fname_normal)) {
-		// look for image extension and replace it
-		size_t i = 0;
-		while ((i = fname_base.find('.', i)) != std::string::npos) {
-			fname_base.replace(i, 4, normal_ext);
-			i += normal_ext_size;
-		}
-		return getTexture(fname_base);
-	}
-	return nullptr;
-}
-
 video::SColor TextureSource::getTextureAverageColor(const std::string &name)
 {
 	video::IVideoDriver *driver = RenderingEngine::get_video_driver();
 	video::ITexture *texture = getTexture(name);
 	if (!texture)
 		return {0, 0, 0, 0};
+	// Note: this downloads the texture back from the GPU, which is pointless
 	video::IImage *image = driver->createImage(texture,
 		core::position2d<s32>(0, 0),
 		texture->getOriginalSize());
 	if (!image)
 		return {0, 0, 0, 0};
 
-	video::SColor c = ImageSource::getImageAverageColor(*image);
+	video::SColor c = imageAverageColor(image);
 	image->drop();
 
 	return c;

src/client/texturesource.h

@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ public:
 	 */
 	virtual Palette* getPalette(const std::string &name) = 0;
 	virtual bool isKnownSourceImage(const std::string &name)=0;
-	virtual video::ITexture* getNormalTexture(const std::string &name)=0;
 	virtual video::SColor getTextureAverageColor(const std::string &name)=0;
 };
 
@@ -75,7 +74,6 @@ public:
 	virtual void processQueue()=0;
 	virtual void insertSourceImage(const std::string &name, video::IImage *img)=0;
 	virtual void rebuildImagesAndTextures()=0;
-	virtual video::ITexture* getNormalTexture(const std::string &name)=0;
 	virtual video::SColor getTextureAverageColor(const std::string &name)=0;
 };
 

src/client/tile.h

@@ -83,10 +83,13 @@ struct TileLayer
 
 	void applyMaterialOptionsWithShaders(video::SMaterial &material) const;
 
+	/// @return is this layer semi-transparent?
 	bool isTransparent() const
 	{
+		// see also: the mapping in ShaderSource::generateShader()
 		switch (material_type) {
 		case TILE_MATERIAL_ALPHA:
+		case TILE_MATERIAL_PLAIN_ALPHA:
 		case TILE_MATERIAL_LIQUID_TRANSPARENT:
 		case TILE_MATERIAL_WAVING_LIQUID_TRANSPARENT:
 			return true;

src/client/wieldmesh.cpp

@@ -195,8 +195,7 @@ WieldMeshSceneNode::WieldMeshSceneNode(scene::ISceneManager *mgr, s32 id):
 	else
 		g_extrusion_mesh_cache->grab();
 
-	// Disable bounding box culling for this scene node
-	// since we won't calculate the bounding box.
+	// This class doesn't render anything, so disable culling.
 	setAutomaticCulling(scene::EAC_OFF);
 
 	// Create the child scene node
@@ -299,8 +298,7 @@ static scene::SMesh *createSpecialNodeMesh(Client *client, MapNode n,
 	MeshMakeData mesh_make_data(client->ndef(), 1);
 	MeshCollector collector(v3f(0.0f * BS), v3f());
 	mesh_make_data.setSmoothLighting(false);
-	MapblockMeshGenerator gen(&mesh_make_data, &collector,
-		client->getSceneManager()->getMeshManipulator());
+	MapblockMeshGenerator gen(&mesh_make_data, &collector);
 
 	if (n.getParam2()) {
 		// keep it

src/client/wieldmesh.h

@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ private:
 	// Bounding box culling is disabled for this type of scene node,
 	// so this variable is just required so we can implement
 	// getBoundingBox() and is set to an empty box.
-	aabb3f m_bounding_box;
+	aabb3f m_bounding_box{{0, 0, 0}};
 
 	ShadowRenderer *m_shadow;
 };

src/collision.cpp

@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ static void add_object_boxes(Environment *env,
 {
 	auto process_object = [&cinfo] (ActiveObject *object) {
 		if (object && object->collideWithObjects()) {
-			aabb3f box;
+			aabb3f box{{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
 			if (object->getCollisionBox(&box))
 				cinfo.emplace_back(object, 0, box);
 		}

src/defaultsettings.cpp

@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@ void set_default_settings()
 	settings->setDefault("sound_extensions_blacklist", "");
 	settings->setDefault("mesh_generation_interval", "0");
 	settings->setDefault("mesh_generation_threads", "0");
+	settings->setDefault("mesh_buffer_min_vertices", "100");
 	settings->setDefault("free_move", "false");
 	settings->setDefault("pitch_move", "false");
 	settings->setDefault("fast_move", "false");
@@ -311,7 +312,7 @@ void set_default_settings()
 
 	// Effects
 	settings->setDefault("enable_post_processing", "true");
-	settings->setDefault("post_processing_texture_bits", "16");
+	settings->setDefault("post_processing_texture_bits", "10");
 	settings->setDefault("directional_colored_fog", "true");
 	settings->setDefault("inventory_items_animations", "false");
 	settings->setDefault("mip_map", "false");

src/gui/guiEditBoxWithScrollbar.cpp

@@ -194,9 +194,9 @@ void GUIEditBoxWithScrollBar::draw()
 						mbegin = font->getDimension(s.c_str()).Width;
 
 						// deal with kerning
-						mbegin += font->getKerningWidth(
-							&((*txt_line)[realmbgn - start_pos]),
-							realmbgn - start_pos > 0 ? &((*txt_line)[realmbgn - start_pos - 1]) : 0);
+						mbegin += font->getKerning(
+							(*txt_line)[realmbgn - start_pos],
+							realmbgn - start_pos > 0 ? (*txt_line)[realmbgn - start_pos - 1] : 0).X;
 
 						lineStartPos = realmbgn - start_pos;
 					}
@@ -242,7 +242,8 @@ void GUIEditBoxWithScrollBar::draw()
 			}
 			s = txt_line->subString(0, m_cursor_pos - start_pos);
 			charcursorpos = font->getDimension(s.c_str()).Width +
-				font->getKerningWidth(L"_", m_cursor_pos - start_pos > 0 ? &((*txt_line)[m_cursor_pos - start_pos - 1]) : 0);
+				font->getKerning(L'_',
+					m_cursor_pos - start_pos > 0 ? (*txt_line)[m_cursor_pos - start_pos - 1] : 0).X;
 
 			if (focus && (porting::getTimeMs() - m_blink_start_time) % 700 < 350) {
 				setTextRect(cursor_line);
@@ -431,7 +432,7 @@ void GUIEditBoxWithScrollBar::setTextRect(s32 line)
 		d = font->getDimension(Text.c_str());
 		d.Height = AbsoluteRect.getHeight();
 	}
-	d.Height += font->getKerningHeight();
+	d.Height += font->getKerning(L'A').Y;
 
 	// justification
 	switch (m_halign) {
@@ -536,7 +537,7 @@ void GUIEditBoxWithScrollBar::calculateScrollPos()
 
 	// calculate vertical scrolling
 	if (has_broken_text) {
-		irr::u32 line_height = font->getDimension(L"A").Height + font->getKerningHeight();
+		irr::u32 line_height = font->getDimension(L"A").Height + font->getKerning(L'A').Y;
 		// only up to 1 line fits?
 		if (line_height >= (irr::u32)m_frame_rect.getHeight()) {
 			m_vscroll_pos = 0;

src/gui/guiFormSpecMenu.cpp

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
 */
 static unsigned int font_line_height(gui::IGUIFont *font)
 {
-	return font->getDimension(L"Ay").Height + font->getKerningHeight();
+	return font->getDimension(L"Ay").Height + font->getKerning(L'A').Y;
 }
 
 inline u32 clamp_u8(s32 value)

src/gui/guiInventoryList.cpp

@@ -85,8 +85,8 @@ void GUIInventoryList::draw()
 		v2s32 p((i % m_geom.X) * m_slot_spacing.X,
 				(i / m_geom.X) * m_slot_spacing.Y);
 		core::rect<s32> rect = imgrect + base_pos + p;
-		ItemStack item = ilist->getItem(item_i);
-		ItemStack orig_item = item;
+		const ItemStack &orig_item = ilist->getItem(item_i);
+		ItemStack item = orig_item;
 
 		bool selected = selected_item
 			&& m_invmgr->getInventory(selected_item->inventoryloc) == inv
@@ -137,12 +137,26 @@ void GUIInventoryList::draw()
 					client, rotation_kind);
 		}
 
-		// Add hovering tooltip
+		// Add hovering tooltip. The tooltip disappears if any item is selected,
+		// including the currently hovered one.
 		bool show_tooltip = !item.empty() && hovering && !selected_item;
-		// Make it possible to see item tooltips on touchscreens
+
 		if (RenderingEngine::getLastPointerType() == PointerType::Touch) {
+			// Touchscreen users cannot hover over an item without selecting it.
+			// To allow touchscreen users to see item tooltips, we also show the
+			// tooltip if the item is selected and the finger is still on the
+			// source slot.
+			// The selected amount may be 0 in rare cases during "left-dragging"
+			// (used to distribute items evenly).
+			// In this case, the user doesn't see an item being dragged,
+			// so we don't show the tooltip.
+			// Note: `m_fs_menu->getSelectedAmount() != 0` below refers to the
+			// part of the selected item the user is dragging.
+			// `!item.empty()` would refer to the part of the selected item
+			// remaining in the source slot.
 			show_tooltip |= hovering && selected && m_fs_menu->getSelectedAmount() != 0;
 		}
+
 		if (show_tooltip) {
 			std::string tooltip = orig_item.getDescription(client->idef());
 			if (m_fs_menu->doTooltipAppendItemname())

src/gui/touchcontrols.cpp

@@ -29,52 +29,47 @@
 
 TouchControls *g_touchcontrols;
 
-static void load_button_texture(IGUIImage *gui_button, const std::string &path,
-		const recti &button_rect, ISimpleTextureSource *tsrc, video::IVideoDriver *driver)
+void TouchControls::emitKeyboardEvent(EKEY_CODE keycode, bool pressed)
 {
-	video::ITexture *texture = guiScalingImageButton(driver,
-			tsrc->getTexture(path), button_rect.getWidth(),
-			button_rect.getHeight());
+	SEvent e{};
+	e.EventType            = EET_KEY_INPUT_EVENT;
+	e.KeyInput.Key         = keycode;
+	e.KeyInput.Control     = false;
+	e.KeyInput.Shift       = false;
+	e.KeyInput.Char        = 0;
+	e.KeyInput.PressedDown = pressed;
+	m_receiver->OnEvent(e);
+}
+
+void TouchControls::loadButtonTexture(IGUIImage *gui_button, const std::string &path)
+{
+	auto rect = gui_button->getRelativePosition();
+	video::ITexture *texture = guiScalingImageButton(m_device->getVideoDriver(),
+			m_texturesource->getTexture(path), rect.getWidth(), rect.getHeight());
 	gui_button->setImage(texture);
 	gui_button->setScaleImage(true);
 }
 
-void button_info::emitAction(bool action, video::IVideoDriver *driver,
-		IEventReceiver *receiver, ISimpleTextureSource *tsrc)
+void TouchControls::buttonEmitAction(button_info &btn, bool action)
 {
-	if (keycode == KEY_UNKNOWN)
+	if (btn.keycode == KEY_UNKNOWN)
 		return;
 
-	SEvent translated{};
-	translated.EventType        = EET_KEY_INPUT_EVENT;
-	translated.KeyInput.Key     = keycode;
-	translated.KeyInput.Control = false;
-	translated.KeyInput.Shift   = false;
-	translated.KeyInput.Char    = 0;
+	emitKeyboardEvent(btn.keycode, action);
 
 	if (action) {
-		translated.KeyInput.PressedDown = true;
-		receiver->OnEvent(translated);
+		if (btn.toggleable == button_info::FIRST_TEXTURE) {
+			btn.toggleable = button_info::SECOND_TEXTURE;
+			loadButtonTexture(btn.gui_button.get(), btn.toggle_textures[1]);
 
-		if (toggleable == button_info::FIRST_TEXTURE) {
-			toggleable = button_info::SECOND_TEXTURE;
-			load_button_texture(gui_button.get(), toggle_textures[1],
-					gui_button->getRelativePosition(),
-					tsrc, driver);
-		} else if (toggleable == button_info::SECOND_TEXTURE) {
-			toggleable = button_info::FIRST_TEXTURE;
-			load_button_texture(gui_button.get(), toggle_textures[0],
-					gui_button->getRelativePosition(),
-					tsrc, driver);
+		} else if (btn.toggleable == button_info::SECOND_TEXTURE) {
+			btn.toggleable = button_info::FIRST_TEXTURE;
+			loadButtonTexture(btn.gui_button.get(), btn.toggle_textures[0]);
 		}
-	} else {
-		translated.KeyInput.PressedDown = false;
-		receiver->OnEvent(translated);
 	}
 }
 
-static bool buttons_handlePress(std::vector<button_info> &buttons, size_t pointer_id, IGUIElement *element,
-		video::IVideoDriver *driver, IEventReceiver *receiver, ISimpleTextureSource *tsrc)
+bool TouchControls::buttonsHandlePress(std::vector<button_info> &buttons, size_t pointer_id, IGUIElement *element)
 {
 	if (!element)
 		return false;
@@ -87,7 +82,7 @@ static bool buttons_handlePress(std::vector<button_info> &buttons, size_t pointe
 			if (btn.pointer_ids.size() > 1)
 				return true;
 
-			btn.emitAction(true, driver, receiver, tsrc);
+			buttonEmitAction(btn, true);
 			btn.repeat_counter = -BUTTON_REPEAT_DELAY;
 			return true;
 		}
@@ -97,8 +92,7 @@ static bool buttons_handlePress(std::vector<button_info> &buttons, size_t pointe
 }
 
 
-static bool buttons_handleRelease(std::vector<button_info> &buttons, size_t pointer_id,
-		video::IVideoDriver *driver, IEventReceiver *receiver, ISimpleTextureSource *tsrc)
+bool TouchControls::buttonsHandleRelease(std::vector<button_info> &buttons, size_t pointer_id)
 {
 	for (button_info &btn : buttons) {
 		auto it = std::find(btn.pointer_ids.begin(), btn.pointer_ids.end(), pointer_id);
@@ -108,7 +102,7 @@ static bool buttons_handleRelease(std::vector<button_info> &buttons, size_t poin
 			if (!btn.pointer_ids.empty())
 				return true;
 
-			btn.emitAction(false, driver, receiver, tsrc);
+			buttonEmitAction(btn, false);
 			return true;
 		}
 	}
@@ -116,8 +110,7 @@ static bool buttons_handleRelease(std::vector<button_info> &buttons, size_t poin
 	return false;
 }
 
-static bool buttons_step(std::vector<button_info> &buttons, float dtime,
-		video::IVideoDriver *driver, IEventReceiver *receiver, ISimpleTextureSource *tsrc)
+bool TouchControls::buttonsStep(std::vector<button_info> &buttons, float dtime)
 {
 	bool has_pointers = false;
 
@@ -130,8 +123,8 @@ static bool buttons_step(std::vector<button_info> &buttons, float dtime,
 		if (btn.repeat_counter < BUTTON_REPEAT_INTERVAL)
 			continue;
 
-		btn.emitAction(false, driver, receiver, tsrc);
-		btn.emitAction(true, driver, receiver, tsrc);
+		buttonEmitAction(btn, false);
+		buttonEmitAction(btn, true);
 		btn.repeat_counter = 0.0f;
 	}
 
@@ -340,8 +333,7 @@ void TouchControls::addButton(std::vector<button_info> &buttons, touch_gui_butto
 {
 	IGUIImage *btn_gui_button = m_guienv->addImage(rect, nullptr, id);
 	btn_gui_button->setVisible(visible);
-	load_button_texture(btn_gui_button, image, rect,
-			m_texturesource, m_device->getVideoDriver());
+	loadButtonTexture(btn_gui_button, image);
 
 	button_info &btn = buttons.emplace_back();
 	btn.keycode = id_to_keycode(id);
@@ -363,8 +355,7 @@ IGUIImage *TouchControls::makeButtonDirect(touch_gui_button_id id,
 {
 	IGUIImage *btn_gui_button = m_guienv->addImage(rect, nullptr, id);
 	btn_gui_button->setVisible(visible);
-	load_button_texture(btn_gui_button, button_image_names[id], rect,
-			m_texturesource, m_device->getVideoDriver());
+	loadButtonTexture(btn_gui_button, button_image_names[id]);
 
 	return btn_gui_button;
 }
@@ -399,11 +390,9 @@ void TouchControls::handleReleaseEvent(size_t pointer_id)
 	m_pointer_pos.erase(pointer_id);
 
 	// handle buttons
-	if (buttons_handleRelease(m_buttons, pointer_id, m_device->getVideoDriver(),
-			m_receiver, m_texturesource))
+	if (buttonsHandleRelease(m_buttons, pointer_id))
 		return;
-	if (buttons_handleRelease(m_overflow_buttons, pointer_id, m_device->getVideoDriver(),
-			m_receiver, m_texturesource))
+	if (buttonsHandleRelease(m_overflow_buttons, pointer_id))
 		return;
 
 	if (m_has_move_id && pointer_id == m_move_id) {
@@ -481,8 +470,7 @@ void TouchControls::translateEvent(const SEvent &event)
 				}
 			}
 
-			if (buttons_handlePress(m_overflow_buttons, pointer_id, element,
-					m_device->getVideoDriver(), m_receiver, m_texturesource))
+			if (buttonsHandlePress(m_overflow_buttons, pointer_id, element))
 				return;
 
 			toggleOverflowMenu();
@@ -494,8 +482,7 @@ void TouchControls::translateEvent(const SEvent &event)
 		}
 
 		// handle buttons
-		if (buttons_handlePress(m_buttons, pointer_id, element,
-				m_device->getVideoDriver(), m_receiver, m_texturesource))
+		if (buttonsHandlePress(m_buttons, pointer_id, element))
 			return;
 
 		// handle hotbar
@@ -614,16 +601,10 @@ void TouchControls::translateEvent(const SEvent &event)
 void TouchControls::applyJoystickStatus()
 {
 	if (m_joystick_triggers_aux1) {
-		SEvent translated{};
-		translated.EventType            = EET_KEY_INPUT_EVENT;
-		translated.KeyInput.Key         = id_to_keycode(aux1_id);
-		translated.KeyInput.PressedDown = false;
-		m_receiver->OnEvent(translated);
-
-		if (m_joystick_status_aux1) {
-			translated.KeyInput.PressedDown = true;
-			m_receiver->OnEvent(translated);
-		}
+		auto key = id_to_keycode(aux1_id);
+		emitKeyboardEvent(key, false);
+		if (m_joystick_status_aux1)
+			emitKeyboardEvent(key, true);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -639,8 +620,8 @@ void TouchControls::step(float dtime)
 	}
 
 	// simulate keyboard repeats
-	buttons_step(m_buttons, dtime, m_device->getVideoDriver(), m_receiver, m_texturesource);
-	buttons_step(m_overflow_buttons, dtime, m_device->getVideoDriver(), m_receiver, m_texturesource);
+	buttonsStep(m_buttons, dtime);
+	buttonsStep(m_overflow_buttons, dtime);
 
 	// joystick
 	applyJoystickStatus();

src/gui/touchcontrols.h

@@ -67,9 +67,6 @@ struct button_info
 		SECOND_TEXTURE
 	} toggleable = NOT_TOGGLEABLE;
 	std::string toggle_textures[2];
-
-	void emitAction(bool action, video::IVideoDriver *driver,
-			IEventReceiver *receiver, ISimpleTextureSource *tsrc);
 };
 
 
@@ -186,6 +183,19 @@ private:
 
 	std::shared_ptr<IGUIStaticText> m_status_text;
 
+	// Note: TouchControls intentionally uses IGUIImage instead of IGUIButton
+	// for its buttons. We only want static image display, not interactivity,
+	// from Irrlicht.
+
+	void emitKeyboardEvent(EKEY_CODE keycode, bool pressed);
+
+	void loadButtonTexture(IGUIImage *gui_button, const std::string &path);
+	void buttonEmitAction(button_info &btn, bool action);
+
+	bool buttonsHandlePress(std::vector<button_info> &buttons, size_t pointer_id, IGUIElement *element);
+	bool buttonsHandleRelease(std::vector<button_info> &buttons, size_t pointer_id);
+	bool buttonsStep(std::vector<button_info> &buttons, float dtime);
+
 	void toggleOverflowMenu();
 	void updateVisibility();
 	void releaseAll();

src/irrlicht_changes/CGUITTFont.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 /*
    CGUITTFont FreeType class for Irrlicht
    Copyright (c) 2009-2010 John Norman
+   with changes from Luanti contributors:
    Copyright (c) 2016 Nathanaëlle Courant
    Copyright (c) 2023 Caleb Butler
 
@@ -31,14 +32,13 @@
 */
 
 #include <iostream>
+#include "log.h"
+#include "filesys.h"
+#include "debug.h"
+
 #include "CGUITTFont.h"
-#include "CMeshBuffer.h"
 #include "IFileSystem.h"
 #include "IGUIEnvironment.h"
-#include "IMeshManipulator.h"
-#include "IMeshSceneNode.h"
-#include "ISceneManager.h"
-#include "ISceneNode.h"
 
 namespace irr
 {
@@ -46,9 +46,9 @@ namespace gui
 {
 
 // Manages the FT_Face cache.
-struct SGUITTFace : public virtual irr::IReferenceCounted
+struct SGUITTFace : public irr::IReferenceCounted
 {
-	SGUITTFace() : face_buffer(0), face_buffer_size(0)
+	SGUITTFace()
 	{
 		memset((void*)&face, 0, sizeof(FT_Face));
 	}
@@ -56,46 +56,29 @@ struct SGUITTFace : public virtual irr::IReferenceCounted
 	~SGUITTFace()
 	{
 		FT_Done_Face(face);
-		delete[] face_buffer;
 	}
 
 	FT_Face face;
-	FT_Byte* face_buffer;
-	FT_Long face_buffer_size;
+	std::string face_buffer;
 };
 
 // Static variables.
 FT_Library CGUITTFont::c_library;
 std::map<io::path, SGUITTFace*> CGUITTFont::c_faces;
 bool CGUITTFont::c_libraryLoaded = false;
-scene::IMesh* CGUITTFont::shared_plane_ptr_ = 0;
-scene::SMesh CGUITTFont::shared_plane_;
 
 //
 
-/** Checks that no dimension of the FT_BitMap object is negative.  If either is
- * negative, abort execution.
- */
-inline void checkFontBitmapSize(const FT_Bitmap &bits)
-{
-	if ((s32)bits.rows < 0 || (s32)bits.width < 0) {
-		std::cout << "Insane font glyph size. File: "
-		          << __FILE__ << " Line " << __LINE__
-		          << std::endl;
-		abort();
-	}
-}
-
 video::IImage* SGUITTGlyph::createGlyphImage(const FT_Bitmap& bits, video::IVideoDriver* driver) const
 {
 	// Make sure our casts to s32 in the loops below will not cause problems
-	checkFontBitmapSize(bits);
+	if ((s32)bits.rows < 0 || (s32)bits.width < 0)
+		FATAL_ERROR("Insane font glyph size");
 
 	// Determine what our texture size should be.
 	// Add 1 because textures are inclusive-exclusive.
 	core::dimension2du d(bits.width + 1, bits.rows + 1);
 	core::dimension2du texture_size;
-	//core::dimension2du texture_size(bits.width + 1, bits.rows + 1);
 
 	// Create and load our image now.
 	video::IImage* image = 0;
@@ -147,36 +130,36 @@ video::IImage* SGUITTGlyph::createGlyphImage(const FT_Bitmap& bits, video::IVide
 				for (s32 x = 0; x < (s32)bits.width; ++x)
 				{
 					image_data[y * image_pitch + x] |= static_cast<u32>(255.0f * (static_cast<float>(*row++) / gray_count)) << 24;
-					//data[y * image_pitch + x] |= ((u32)(*bitsdata++) << 24);
 				}
 				glyph_data += bits.pitch;
 			}
 			break;
 		}
 		default:
-			// TODO: error message?
+			errorstream << "CGUITTFont: unknown pixel mode " << (int)bits.pixel_mode << std::endl;
 			return 0;
 	}
 	return image;
 }
 
-void SGUITTGlyph::preload(u32 char_index, FT_Face face, video::IVideoDriver* driver, u32 font_size, const FT_Int32 loadFlags)
+void SGUITTGlyph::preload(u32 char_index, FT_Face face, CGUITTFont *parent, u32 font_size, const FT_Int32 loadFlags)
 {
-	if (isLoaded) return;
-
 	// Set the size of the glyph.
 	FT_Set_Pixel_Sizes(face, 0, font_size);
 
 	// Attempt to load the glyph.
-	if (FT_Load_Glyph(face, char_index, loadFlags) != FT_Err_Ok)
-		// TODO: error message?
+	auto err = FT_Load_Glyph(face, char_index, loadFlags);
+	if (err != FT_Err_Ok) {
+		warningstream << "SGUITTGlyph: failed to load glyph " << char_index
+			<< " with error: " << (int)err << std::endl;
 		return;
+	}
 
 	FT_GlyphSlot glyph = face->glyph;
-	FT_Bitmap bits = glyph->bitmap;
+	const FT_Bitmap &bits = glyph->bitmap;
 
 	// Setup the glyph information here:
-	advance = glyph->advance;
+	advance = core::vector2di(glyph->advance.x, glyph->advance.y);
 	offset = core::vector2di(glyph->bitmap_left, glyph->bitmap_top);
 
 	// Try to get the last page with available slots.
@@ -187,7 +170,6 @@ void SGUITTGlyph::preload(u32 char_index, FT_Face face, video::IVideoDriver* dri
 	{
 		page = parent->createGlyphPage(bits.pixel_mode);
 		if (!page)
-			// TODO: add error message?
 			return;
 	}
 
@@ -205,10 +187,7 @@ void SGUITTGlyph::preload(u32 char_index, FT_Face face, video::IVideoDriver* dri
 	--page->available_slots;
 
 	// We grab the glyph bitmap here so the data won't be removed when the next glyph is loaded.
-	surface = createGlyphImage(bits, driver);
-
-	// Set our glyph as loaded.
-	isLoaded = true;
+	surface = createGlyphImage(bits, parent->getDriver());
 }
 
 void SGUITTGlyph::unload()
@@ -218,7 +197,8 @@ void SGUITTGlyph::unload()
 		surface->drop();
 		surface = 0;
 	}
-	isLoaded = false;
+	// reset isLoaded to false
+	source_rect = core::recti();
 }
 
 //////////////////////
@@ -251,14 +231,13 @@ CGUITTFont* CGUITTFont::createTTFont(IGUIEnvironment *env, const io::path& filen
 //! Constructor.
 CGUITTFont::CGUITTFont(IGUIEnvironment *env)
 : use_monochrome(false), use_transparency(true), use_hinting(true), use_auto_hinting(true),
-batch_load_size(1), Device(0), Environment(env), Driver(0), GlobalKerningWidth(0), GlobalKerningHeight(0),
+batch_load_size(1), Driver(0), GlobalKerningWidth(0), GlobalKerningHeight(0),
 shadow_offset(0), shadow_alpha(0), fallback(0)
 {
 
-	if (Environment)
-	{
+	if (env) {
 		// don't grab environment, to avoid circular references
-		Driver = Environment->getVideoDriver();
+		Driver = env->getVideoDriver();
 	}
 
 	if (Driver)
@@ -270,13 +249,10 @@ shadow_offset(0), shadow_alpha(0), fallback(0)
 bool CGUITTFont::load(const io::path& filename, const u32 size, const bool antialias, const bool transparency)
 {
 	// Some sanity checks.
-	if (Environment == 0 || Driver == 0) return false;
+	if (!Driver) return false;
 	if (size == 0) return false;
-	if (filename.size() == 0) return false;
+	if (filename.empty()) return false;
 
-	io::IFileSystem* filesystem = Environment->getFileSystem();
-	irr::ILogger* logger = (Device != 0 ? Device->getLogger() : 0);
-	// FIXME: this is always null ^
 	this->size = size;
 	this->filename = filename;
 
@@ -285,62 +261,33 @@ bool CGUITTFont::load(const io::path& filename, const u32 size, const bool antia
 	this->use_transparency = transparency;
 	update_load_flags();
 
-	// Log.
-	if (logger)
-		logger->log("CGUITTFont", (core::stringc(L"Creating new font: ") + filename + " " + core::stringc(size) + "pt " + (antialias ? "+antialias " : "-antialias ") + (transparency ? "+transparency" : "-transparency")).c_str(), irr::ELL_INFORMATION);
+	infostream << "CGUITTFont: Creating new font: " << filename.c_str() << " "
+		<< size << "pt " << (antialias ? "+antialias " : "-antialias ")
+		<< (transparency ? "+transparency" : "-transparency") << std::endl;
 
 	// Grab the face.
-	SGUITTFace* face = 0;
+	SGUITTFace* face = nullptr;
 	auto node = c_faces.find(filename);
-	if (node == c_faces.end())
-	{
+	if (node == c_faces.end()) {
 		face = new SGUITTFace();
-		c_faces.emplace(filename, face);
 
-		if (filesystem)
-		{
-			// Read in the file data.
-			io::IReadFile* file = filesystem->createAndOpenFile(filename);
-			if (file == 0)
-			{
-				if (logger) logger->log("CGUITTFont", "Failed to open the file.", irr::ELL_INFORMATION);
-
-				c_faces.erase(filename);
+		if (!fs::ReadFile(filename.c_str(), face->face_buffer, true)) {
 			delete face;
-				face = 0;
 			return false;
 		}
-			face->face_buffer = new FT_Byte[file->getSize()];
-			file->read(face->face_buffer, file->getSize());
-			face->face_buffer_size = file->getSize();
-			file->drop();
 
 		// Create the face.
-			if (FT_New_Memory_Face(c_library, face->face_buffer, face->face_buffer_size, 0, &face->face))
+		if (FT_New_Memory_Face(c_library,
+			reinterpret_cast<const FT_Byte*>(face->face_buffer.data()),
+			face->face_buffer.size(), 0, &face->face))
 		{
-				if (logger) logger->log("CGUITTFont", "FT_New_Memory_Face failed.", irr::ELL_INFORMATION);
-
-				c_faces.erase(filename);
+			errorstream << "CGUITTFont: FT_New_Memory_Face failed." << std::endl;
 			delete face;
-				face = 0;
 			return false;
 		}
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			if (FT_New_Face(c_library, reinterpret_cast<const char*>(filename.c_str()), 0, &face->face))
-			{
-				if (logger) logger->log("CGUITTFont", "FT_New_Face failed.", irr::ELL_INFORMATION);
 
-				c_faces.erase(filename);
-				delete face;
-				face = 0;
-				return false;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	else
-	{
+		c_faces.emplace(filename, face);
+	} else {
 		// Using another instance of this face.
 		face = node->second;
 		face->grab();
@@ -353,20 +300,12 @@ bool CGUITTFont::load(const io::path& filename, const u32 size, const bool antia
 	FT_Set_Pixel_Sizes(tt_face, size, 0);
 	font_metrics = tt_face->size->metrics;
 
+	verbosestream << tt_face->num_glyphs << " glyphs, ascender=" << font_metrics.ascender
+		<< " height=" << font_metrics.height << std::endl;
+
 	// Allocate our glyphs.
 	Glyphs.clear();
-	Glyphs.reallocate(tt_face->num_glyphs);
 	Glyphs.set_used(tt_face->num_glyphs);
-	for (FT_Long i = 0; i < tt_face->num_glyphs; ++i)
-	{
-		Glyphs[i].isLoaded = false;
-		Glyphs[i].glyph_page = 0;
-		Glyphs[i].source_rect = core::recti();
-		Glyphs[i].offset = core::vector2di();
-		Glyphs[i].advance = FT_Vector();
-		Glyphs[i].surface = 0;
-		Glyphs[i].parent = this;
-	}
 
 	// Cache the first 127 ascii characters.
 	u32 old_size = batch_load_size;
@@ -444,7 +383,7 @@ CGUITTGlyphPage* CGUITTFont::getLastGlyphPage() const
 	return page;
 }
 
-CGUITTGlyphPage* CGUITTFont::createGlyphPage(const u8& pixel_mode)
+CGUITTGlyphPage* CGUITTFont::createGlyphPage(const u8 pixel_mode)
 {
 	CGUITTGlyphPage* page = 0;
 
@@ -481,7 +420,8 @@ CGUITTGlyphPage* CGUITTFont::createGlyphPage(const u8& pixel_mode)
 		page_texture_size = max_texture_size;
 
 	if (!page->createPageTexture(pixel_mode, page_texture_size)) {
-		// TODO: add error message?
+		errorstream << "CGUITTGlyphPage: failed to create texture ("
+			<< page_texture_size.Width << "x" << page_texture_size.Height << ")" << std::endl;
 		delete page;
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -622,13 +562,12 @@ void CGUITTFont::draw(const EnrichedString &text, const core::rect<s32>& positio
 		else if (fallback != 0)
 		{
 			// Let the fallback font draw it, this isn't super efficient but hopefully that doesn't matter
-			wchar_t l1[] = { (wchar_t) currentChar, 0 }, l2 = (wchar_t) previousChar;
+			wchar_t l1[] = { (wchar_t) currentChar, 0 };
 
 			if (visible)
 			{
 				// Apply kerning.
-				offset.X += fallback->getKerningWidth(l1, &l2);
-				offset.Y += fallback->getKerningHeight();
+				offset += fallback->getKerning(*l1, (wchar_t) previousChar);
 
 				const u32 current_color = iter - utext.begin();
 				fallback->draw(core::stringw(l1),
@@ -688,11 +627,6 @@ void CGUITTFont::draw(const EnrichedString &text, const core::rect<s32>& positio
 	}
 }
 
-core::dimension2d<u32> CGUITTFont::getCharDimension(const wchar_t ch) const
-{
-	return core::dimension2d<u32>(getWidthFromCharacter(ch), getHeightFromCharacter(ch));
-}
-
 core::dimension2d<u32> CGUITTFont::getDimension(const wchar_t* text) const
 {
 	return getDimension(convertWCharToU32String(text));
@@ -759,21 +693,12 @@ core::dimension2d<u32> CGUITTFont::getDimension(const std::u32string& text) cons
 	return text_dimension;
 }
 
-inline u32 CGUITTFont::getWidthFromCharacter(wchar_t c) const
-{
-	return getWidthFromCharacter((char32_t)c);
-}
-
 inline u32 CGUITTFont::getWidthFromCharacter(char32_t c) const
 {
-	// Set the size of the face.
-	// This is because we cache faces and the face may have been set to a different size.
-	//FT_Set_Pixel_Sizes(tt_face, 0, size);
-
 	u32 n = getGlyphIndexByChar(c);
 	if (n > 0)
 	{
-		int w = Glyphs[n-1].advance.x / 64;
+		int w = Glyphs[n-1].advance.X / 64;
 		return w;
 	}
 	if (fallback != 0)
@@ -787,17 +712,8 @@ inline u32 CGUITTFont::getWidthFromCharacter(char32_t c) const
 	else return (font_metrics.ascender / 64) / 2;
 }
 
-inline u32 CGUITTFont::getHeightFromCharacter(wchar_t c) const
-{
-	return getHeightFromCharacter((char32_t)c);
-}
-
 inline u32 CGUITTFont::getHeightFromCharacter(char32_t c) const
 {
-	// Set the size of the face.
-	// This is because we cache faces and the face may have been set to a different size.
-	//FT_Set_Pixel_Sizes(tt_face, 0, size);
-
 	u32 n = getGlyphIndexByChar(c);
 	if (n > 0)
 	{
@@ -816,11 +732,6 @@ inline u32 CGUITTFont::getHeightFromCharacter(char32_t c) const
 	else return (font_metrics.ascender / 64) / 2;
 }
 
-u32 CGUITTFont::getGlyphIndexByChar(wchar_t c) const
-{
-	return getGlyphIndexByChar((char32_t)c);
-}
-
 u32 CGUITTFont::getGlyphIndexByChar(char32_t c) const
 {
 	// Get the glyph.
@@ -831,7 +742,7 @@ u32 CGUITTFont::getGlyphIndexByChar(char32_t c) const
 		return 0;
 
 	// If our glyph is already loaded, don't bother doing any batch loading code.
-	if (glyph != 0 && Glyphs[glyph - 1].isLoaded)
+	if (glyph != 0 && Glyphs[glyph - 1].isLoaded())
 		return glyph;
 
 	// Determine our batch loading positions.
@@ -850,9 +761,10 @@ u32 CGUITTFont::getGlyphIndexByChar(char32_t c) const
 		if (char_index)
 		{
 			SGUITTGlyph& glyph = Glyphs[char_index - 1];
-			if (!glyph.isLoaded)
+			if (!glyph.isLoaded())
 			{
-				glyph.preload(char_index, tt_face, Driver, size, load_flags);
+				auto *this2 = const_cast<CGUITTFont*>(this); // oh well
+				glyph.preload(char_index, tt_face, this2, size, load_flags);
 				Glyph_Pages[glyph.glyph_page]->pushGlyphToBePaged(&glyph);
 			}
 		}
@@ -871,11 +783,10 @@ s32 CGUITTFont::getCharacterFromPos(const wchar_t* text, s32 pixel_x) const
 s32 CGUITTFont::getCharacterFromPos(const std::u32string& text, s32 pixel_x) const
 {
 	s32 x = 0;
-	//s32 idx = 0;
 
 	u32 character = 0;
 	char32_t previousChar = 0;
-	std::u32string::const_iterator iter = text.begin();
+	auto iter = text.begin();
 	while (iter != text.end())
 	{
 		char32_t c = *iter;
@@ -906,28 +817,6 @@ void CGUITTFont::setKerningHeight(s32 kerning)
 	GlobalKerningHeight = kerning;
 }
 
-s32 CGUITTFont::getKerningWidth(const wchar_t* thisLetter, const wchar_t* previousLetter) const
-{
-	if (tt_face == 0)
-		return GlobalKerningWidth;
-	if (thisLetter == 0 || previousLetter == 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	return getKerningWidth((char32_t)*thisLetter, (char32_t)*previousLetter);
-}
-
-s32 CGUITTFont::getKerningWidth(const char32_t thisLetter, const char32_t previousLetter) const
-{
-	// Return only the kerning width.
-	return getKerning(thisLetter, previousLetter).X;
-}
-
-s32 CGUITTFont::getKerningHeight() const
-{
-	// FreeType 2 currently doesn't return any height kerning information.
-	return GlobalKerningHeight;
-}
-
 core::vector2di CGUITTFont::getKerning(const wchar_t thisLetter, const wchar_t previousLetter) const
 {
 	return getKerning((char32_t)thisLetter, (char32_t)previousLetter);
@@ -949,11 +838,8 @@ core::vector2di CGUITTFont::getKerning(const char32_t thisLetter, const char32_t
 	// If we don't have this glyph, ask fallback font
 	if (n == 0)
 	{
-		if (fallback != 0) {
-			wchar_t l1 = (wchar_t) thisLetter, l2 = (wchar_t) previousLetter;
-			ret.X = fallback->getKerningWidth(&l1, &l2);
-			ret.Y = fallback->getKerningHeight();
-		}
+		if (fallback)
+			ret = fallback->getKerning((wchar_t) thisLetter, (wchar_t) previousLetter);
 		return ret;
 	}
 
@@ -1029,196 +915,6 @@ video::ITexture* CGUITTFont::getPageTextureByIndex(const u32& page_index) const
 		return 0;
 }
 
-void CGUITTFont::createSharedPlane()
-{
-	/*
-		2___3
-		|  /|
-		| / |	<-- plane mesh is like this, point 2 is (0,0), point 0 is (0, -1)
-		|/  |	<-- the texture coords of point 2 is (0,0, point 0 is (0, 1)
-		0---1
-	*/
-
-	using namespace core;
-	using namespace video;
-	using namespace scene;
-	S3DVertex vertices[4];
-	u16 indices[6] = {0,2,3,3,1,0};
-	vertices[0] = S3DVertex(vector3df(0,-1,0), vector3df(0,0,-1), SColor(255,255,255,255), vector2df(0,1));
-	vertices[1] = S3DVertex(vector3df(1,-1,0), vector3df(0,0,-1), SColor(255,255,255,255), vector2df(1,1));
-	vertices[2] = S3DVertex(vector3df(0, 0,0), vector3df(0,0,-1), SColor(255,255,255,255), vector2df(0,0));
-	vertices[3] = S3DVertex(vector3df(1, 0,0), vector3df(0,0,-1), SColor(255,255,255,255), vector2df(1,0));
-
-	SMeshBuffer* buf = new SMeshBuffer();
-	buf->append(vertices, 4, indices, 6);
-
-	shared_plane_.addMeshBuffer( buf );
-	shared_plane_.setHardwareMappingHint(EHM_STATIC);
-
-	shared_plane_ptr_ = &shared_plane_;
-	buf->drop(); //the addMeshBuffer method will grab it, so we can drop this ptr.
-}
-
-core::dimension2d<u32> CGUITTFont::getDimensionUntilEndOfLine(const wchar_t* p) const
-{
-	core::stringw s;
-	for (const wchar_t* temp = p; temp && *temp != '\0' && *temp != L'\r' && *temp != L'\n'; ++temp )
-		s.append(*temp);
-
-	return getDimension(s.c_str());
-}
-
-core::array<scene::ISceneNode*> CGUITTFont::addTextSceneNode(const wchar_t* text, scene::ISceneManager* smgr, scene::ISceneNode* parent, const video::SColor& color, bool center)
-{
-	using namespace core;
-	using namespace video;
-	using namespace scene;
-
-	array<scene::ISceneNode*> container;
-
-	if (!Driver || !smgr) return container;
-	if (!parent)
-		parent = smgr->addEmptySceneNode(smgr->getRootSceneNode(), -1);
-	// if you don't specify parent, then we add an empty node attached to the root node
-	// this is generally undesirable.
-
-	if (!shared_plane_ptr_) //this points to a static mesh that contains the plane
-		createSharedPlane(); //if it's not initialized, we create one.
-
-	dimension2d<s32> text_size(getDimension(text)); //convert from unsigned to signed.
-	vector3df start_point(0, 0, 0), offset;
-
-	/** NOTICE:
-		Because we are considering adding texts into 3D world, all Y axis vectors are inverted.
-	**/
-
-	// There's currently no "vertical center" concept when you apply text scene node to the 3D world.
-	if (center)
-	{
-		offset.X = start_point.X = -text_size.Width / 2.f;
-		offset.Y = start_point.Y = +text_size.Height/ 2.f;
-		offset.X += (text_size.Width - getDimensionUntilEndOfLine(text).Width) >> 1;
-	}
-
-	// the default font material
-	SMaterial mat;
-	mat.ZWriteEnable = video::EZW_OFF;
-	mat.MaterialType = use_transparency ? video::EMT_TRANSPARENT_ALPHA_CHANNEL : video::EMT_SOLID;
-	mat.MaterialTypeParam = 0.01f;
-
-	wchar_t current_char = 0, previous_char = 0;
-	u32 n = 0;
-
-	array<u32> glyph_indices;
-
-	while (*text)
-	{
-		current_char = *text;
-		bool line_break=false;
-		if (current_char == L'\r') // Mac or Windows breaks
-		{
-			line_break = true;
-			if (*(text + 1) == L'\n') // Windows line breaks.
-				current_char = *(++text);
-		}
-		else if (current_char == L'\n') // Unix breaks
-		{
-			line_break = true;
-		}
-
-		if (line_break)
-		{
-			previous_char = 0;
-			offset.Y -= tt_face->size->metrics.ascender / 64;
-			offset.X = start_point.X;
-			if (center)
-				offset.X += (text_size.Width - getDimensionUntilEndOfLine(text+1).Width) >> 1;
-			++text;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			n = getGlyphIndexByChar(current_char);
-			if (n > 0)
-			{
-				glyph_indices.push_back( n );
-
-				// Store glyph size and offset informations.
-				SGUITTGlyph const& glyph = Glyphs[n-1];
-				u32 texw = glyph.source_rect.getWidth();
-				u32 texh = glyph.source_rect.getHeight();
-				s32 offx = glyph.offset.X;
-				s32 offy = (font_metrics.ascender / 64) - glyph.offset.Y;
-
-				// Apply kerning.
-				vector2di k = getKerning(current_char, previous_char);
-				offset.X += k.X;
-				offset.Y += k.Y;
-
-				vector3df current_pos(offset.X + offx, offset.Y - offy, 0);
-				dimension2d<u32> letter_size = dimension2d<u32>(texw, texh);
-
-				// Now we copy planes corresponding to the letter size.
-				IMeshManipulator* mani = smgr->getMeshManipulator();
-				IMesh* meshcopy = mani->createMeshCopy(shared_plane_ptr_);
-				mani->scale(meshcopy, vector3df((f32)letter_size.Width, (f32)letter_size.Height, 1));
-
-				ISceneNode* current_node = smgr->addMeshSceneNode(meshcopy, parent, -1, current_pos);
-				meshcopy->drop();
-
-				current_node->getMaterial(0) = mat;
-				current_node->setAutomaticCulling(EAC_OFF);
-				current_node->setIsDebugObject(true);  //so the picking won't have any effect on individual letter
-				//current_node->setDebugDataVisible(EDS_BBOX); //de-comment this when debugging
-
-				container.push_back(current_node);
-			}
-			offset.X += getWidthFromCharacter(current_char);
-			// Note that fallback font handling is missing here (Minetest never uses this)
-
-			previous_char = current_char;
-			++text;
-		}
-	}
-
-	update_glyph_pages();
-	//only after we update the textures can we use the glyph page textures.
-
-	for (u32 i = 0; i < glyph_indices.size(); ++i)
-	{
-		u32 n = glyph_indices[i];
-		SGUITTGlyph const& glyph = Glyphs[n-1];
-		ITexture* current_tex = Glyph_Pages[glyph.glyph_page]->texture;
-		f32 page_texture_size = (f32)current_tex->getSize().Width;
-		//Now we calculate the UV position according to the texture size and the source rect.
-		//
-		//  2___3
-		//  |  /|
-		//  | / |	<-- plane mesh is like this, point 2 is (0,0), point 0 is (0, -1)
-		//  |/  |	<-- the texture coords of point 2 is (0,0, point 0 is (0, 1)
-		//  0---1
-		//
-		f32 u1 = glyph.source_rect.UpperLeftCorner.X / page_texture_size;
-		f32 u2 = u1 + (glyph.source_rect.getWidth() / page_texture_size);
-		f32 v1 = glyph.source_rect.UpperLeftCorner.Y / page_texture_size;
-		f32 v2 = v1 + (glyph.source_rect.getHeight() / page_texture_size);
-
-		//we can be quite sure that this is IMeshSceneNode, because we just added them in the above loop.
-		IMeshSceneNode* node = static_cast<IMeshSceneNode*>(container[i]);
-
-		S3DVertex* pv = static_cast<S3DVertex*>(node->getMesh()->getMeshBuffer(0)->getVertices());
-		//pv[0].TCoords.Y = pv[1].TCoords.Y = (letter_size.Height - 1) / static_cast<f32>(letter_size.Height);
-		//pv[1].TCoords.X = pv[3].TCoords.X = (letter_size.Width - 1)  / static_cast<f32>(letter_size.Width);
-		pv[0].TCoords = vector2df(u1, v2);
-		pv[1].TCoords = vector2df(u2, v2);
-		pv[2].TCoords = vector2df(u1, v1);
-		pv[3].TCoords = vector2df(u2, v1);
-
-		container[i]->getMaterial(0).setTexture(0, current_tex);
-	}
-
-	return container;
-}
-
 std::u32string CGUITTFont::convertWCharToU32String(const wchar_t* const charArray) const
 {
 	static_assert(sizeof(wchar_t) == 2 || sizeof(wchar_t) == 4, "unexpected wchar size");

src/irrlicht_changes/CGUITTFont.h

@@ -32,17 +32,17 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <ft2build.h>
 #include <map>
+#include <ft2build.h>
+#include FT_FREETYPE_H
+
 #include "IGUIEnvironment.h"
 #include "IGUIFont.h"
-#include "ISceneManager.h"
 #include "IVideoDriver.h"
 #include "IrrlichtDevice.h"
 #include "SMesh.h"
 #include "util/enriched_string.h"
 #include "util/basic_macros.h"
-#include FT_FREETYPE_H
 
 namespace irr
 {
@@ -56,26 +56,22 @@ namespace gui
 	{
 		//! Constructor.
 		SGUITTGlyph() :
-			isLoaded(false),
 			glyph_page(0),
 			source_rect(),
 			offset(),
 			advance(),
-			surface(0),
-			parent(0)
+			surface(0)
 		{}
 
 		DISABLE_CLASS_COPY(SGUITTGlyph);
 
 		//! This class would be trivially copyable except for the reference count on `surface`.
 		SGUITTGlyph(SGUITTGlyph &&other) noexcept :
-			isLoaded(other.isLoaded),
 			glyph_page(other.glyph_page),
 			source_rect(other.source_rect),
 			offset(other.offset),
 			advance(other.advance),
-			surface(other.surface),
-			parent(other.parent)
+			surface(other.surface)
 		{
 			other.surface = 0;
 		}
@@ -83,12 +79,17 @@ namespace gui
 		//! Destructor.
 		~SGUITTGlyph() { unload(); }
 
+		//! If true, the glyph has been loaded.
+		inline bool isLoaded() const {
+			return source_rect != core::recti();
+		}
+
 		//! Preload the glyph.
 		//!	The preload process occurs when the program tries to cache the glyph from FT_Library.
 		//! However, it simply defines the SGUITTGlyph's properties and will only create the page
 		//! textures if necessary.  The actual creation of the textures should only occur right
 		//! before the batch draw call.
-		void preload(u32 char_index, FT_Face face, video::IVideoDriver* driver, u32 font_size, const FT_Int32 loadFlags);
+		void preload(u32 char_index, FT_Face face, CGUITTFont *parent, u32 font_size, const FT_Int32 loadFlags);
 
 		//! Unloads the glyph.
 		void unload();
@@ -96,9 +97,6 @@ namespace gui
 		//! Creates the IImage object from the FT_Bitmap.
 		video::IImage* createGlyphImage(const FT_Bitmap& bits, video::IVideoDriver* driver) const;
 
-		//! If true, the glyph has been loaded.
-		bool isLoaded;
-
 		//! The page the glyph is on.
 		u32 glyph_page;
 
@@ -109,14 +107,11 @@ namespace gui
 		core::vector2di offset;
 
 		//! Glyph advance information.
-		FT_Vector advance;
+		core::vector2di advance;
 
 		//! This is just the temporary image holder.  After this glyph is paged,
 		//! it will be dropped.
 		mutable video::IImage* surface;
-
-		//! The pointer pointing to the parent (CGUITTFont)
-		CGUITTFont* parent;
 	};
 
 	//! Holds a sheet of glyphs.
@@ -130,7 +125,8 @@ namespace gui
 				{
 					if (driver)
 						driver->removeTexture(texture);
-					else texture->drop();
+					else
+						texture->drop();
 				}
 			}
 
@@ -184,20 +180,12 @@ namespace gui
 				for (u32 i = 0; i < glyph_to_be_paged.size(); ++i)
 				{
 					const SGUITTGlyph* glyph = glyph_to_be_paged[i];
-					if (glyph && glyph->isLoaded)
-					{
-						if (glyph->surface)
+					if (glyph && glyph->surface)
 					{
 						glyph->surface->copyTo(pageholder, glyph->source_rect.UpperLeftCorner);
 						glyph->surface->drop();
 						glyph->surface = 0;
 					}
-						else
-						{
-							; // TODO: add error message?
-							//currently, if we failed to create the image, just ignore this operation.
-						}
-					}
 				}
 
 				pageholder->drop();
@@ -238,77 +226,70 @@ namespace gui
 			virtual ~CGUITTFont();
 
 			//! Sets the amount of glyphs to batch load.
-			virtual void setBatchLoadSize(u32 batch_size) { batch_load_size = batch_size; }
+			void setBatchLoadSize(u32 batch_size) { batch_load_size = batch_size; }
 
 			//! Sets the maximum texture size for a page of glyphs.
-			virtual void setMaxPageTextureSize(const core::dimension2du& texture_size) { max_page_texture_size = texture_size; }
+			void setMaxPageTextureSize(const core::dimension2du& texture_size) { max_page_texture_size = texture_size; }
 
 			//! Get the font size.
-			virtual u32 getFontSize() const { return size; }
+			u32 getFontSize() const { return size; }
 
 			//! Check the font's transparency.
-			virtual bool isTransparent() const { return use_transparency; }
+			bool isTransparent() const { return use_transparency; }
 
 			//! Check if the font auto-hinting is enabled.
 			//! Auto-hinting is FreeType's built-in font hinting engine.
-			virtual bool useAutoHinting() const { return use_auto_hinting; }
+			bool useAutoHinting() const { return use_auto_hinting; }
 
 			//! Check if the font hinting is enabled.
-			virtual bool useHinting()	 const { return use_hinting; }
+			bool useHinting()	 const { return use_hinting; }
 
 			//! Check if the font is being loaded as a monochrome font.
 			//! The font can either be a 256 color grayscale font, or a 2 color monochrome font.
-			virtual bool useMonochrome()  const { return use_monochrome; }
+			bool useMonochrome()  const { return use_monochrome; }
 
 			//! Tells the font to allow transparency when rendering.
 			//! Default: true.
 			//! \param flag If true, the font draws using transparency.
-			virtual void setTransparency(const bool flag);
+			void setTransparency(const bool flag);
 
 			//! Tells the font to use monochrome rendering.
 			//! Default: false.
 			//! \param flag If true, the font draws using a monochrome image.  If false, the font uses a grayscale image.
-			virtual void setMonochrome(const bool flag);
+			void setMonochrome(const bool flag);
 
 			//! Enables or disables font hinting.
 			//! Default: Hinting and auto-hinting true.
 			//! \param enable If false, font hinting is turned off. If true, font hinting is turned on.
 			//! \param enable_auto_hinting If true, FreeType uses its own auto-hinting algorithm.  If false, it tries to use the algorithm specified by the font.
-			virtual void setFontHinting(const bool enable, const bool enable_auto_hinting = true);
+			void setFontHinting(const bool enable, const bool enable_auto_hinting = true);
 
 			//! Draws some text and clips it to the specified rectangle if wanted.
 			virtual void draw(const core::stringw& text, const core::rect<s32>& position,
 				video::SColor color, bool hcenter=false, bool vcenter=false,
-				const core::rect<s32>* clip=0);
+				const core::rect<s32>* clip=0) override;
 
 			void draw(const EnrichedString& text, const core::rect<s32>& position,
 				bool hcenter=false, bool vcenter=false,
 				const core::rect<s32>* clip=0);
 
-			//! Returns the dimension of a character produced by this font.
-			virtual core::dimension2d<u32> getCharDimension(const wchar_t ch) const;
-
 			//! Returns the dimension of a text string.
-			virtual core::dimension2d<u32> getDimension(const wchar_t* text) const;
+			virtual core::dimension2du getDimension(const wchar_t* text) const override;
 
 			//! Calculates the index of the character in the text which is on a specific position.
-			virtual s32 getCharacterFromPos(const wchar_t* text, s32 pixel_x) const;
+			virtual s32 getCharacterFromPos(const wchar_t* text, s32 pixel_x) const override;
 
 			//! Sets global kerning width for the font.
-			virtual void setKerningWidth(s32 kerning);
+			virtual void setKerningWidth(s32 kerning) override;
 
 			//! Sets global kerning height for the font.
-			virtual void setKerningHeight(s32 kerning);
-
-			//! Gets kerning values (distance between letters) for the font. If no parameters are provided,
-			virtual s32 getKerningWidth(const wchar_t* thisLetter=0, const wchar_t* previousLetter=0) const;
-			virtual s32 getKerningWidth(const char32_t thisLetter=0, const char32_t previousLetter=0) const;
+			virtual void setKerningHeight(s32 kerning) override;
 
 			//! Returns the distance between letters
-			virtual s32 getKerningHeight() const;
+			virtual core::vector2di getKerning(const wchar_t thisLetter, const wchar_t previousLetter) const override;
 
 			//! Define which characters should not be drawn by the font.
-			virtual void setInvisibleCharacters(const wchar_t *s);
+			virtual void setInvisibleCharacters(const wchar_t *s) override;
 
 			//! Get the last glyph page if there's still available slots.
 			//! If not, it will return zero.
@@ -317,7 +298,7 @@ namespace gui
 			//! Create a new glyph page texture.
 			//! \param pixel_mode the pixel mode defined by FT_Pixel_Mode
 			//should be better typed. fix later.
-			CGUITTGlyphPage* createGlyphPage(const u8& pixel_mode);
+			CGUITTGlyphPage* createGlyphPage(const u8 pixel_mode);
 
 			//! Get the last glyph page's index.
 			u32 getLastGlyphPageIndex() const { return Glyph_Pages.size() - 1; }
@@ -328,16 +309,13 @@ namespace gui
 			//! Create corresponding character's software image copy from the font,
 			//! so you can use this data just like any ordinary video::IImage.
 			//! \param ch The character you need
-			virtual video::IImage* createTextureFromChar(const char32_t& ch);
+			video::IImage* createTextureFromChar(const char32_t& ch);
 
 			//! This function is for debugging mostly. If the page doesn't exist it returns zero.
 			//! \param page_index Simply return the texture handle of a given page index.
-			virtual video::ITexture* getPageTextureByIndex(const u32& page_index) const;
+			video::ITexture* getPageTextureByIndex(const u32& page_index) const;
 
-			//! Add a list of scene nodes generated by putting font textures on the 3D planes.
-			virtual core::array<scene::ISceneNode*> addTextSceneNode
-				(const wchar_t* text, scene::ISceneManager* smgr, scene::ISceneNode* parent = 0,
-				 const video::SColor& color = video::SColor(255, 0, 0, 0), bool center = false );
+			inline video::IVideoDriver *getDriver() const { return Driver; }
 
 			inline s32 getAscender() const { return font_metrics.ascender; }
 
@@ -355,8 +333,6 @@ namespace gui
 			static FT_Library c_library;
 			static std::map<io::path, SGUITTFace*> c_faces;
 			static bool c_libraryLoaded;
-			static scene::IMesh* shared_plane_ptr_;
-			static scene::SMesh  shared_plane_;
 
 			// Helper functions for the same-named public member functions above
 			// (Since std::u32string is nicer to work with than wchar_t *)
@@ -379,20 +355,11 @@ namespace gui
 				if (useMonochrome()) load_flags |= FT_LOAD_MONOCHROME | FT_LOAD_TARGET_MONO;
 				else load_flags |= FT_LOAD_TARGET_NORMAL;
 			}
-			u32 getWidthFromCharacter(wchar_t c) const;
 			u32 getWidthFromCharacter(char32_t c) const;
-			u32 getHeightFromCharacter(wchar_t c) const;
 			u32 getHeightFromCharacter(char32_t c) const;
-			u32 getGlyphIndexByChar(wchar_t c) const;
 			u32 getGlyphIndexByChar(char32_t c) const;
-			core::vector2di getKerning(const wchar_t thisLetter, const wchar_t previousLetter) const;
 			core::vector2di getKerning(const char32_t thisLetter, const char32_t previousLetter) const;
-			core::dimension2d<u32> getDimensionUntilEndOfLine(const wchar_t* p) const;
 
-			void createSharedPlane();
-
-			irr::IrrlichtDevice* Device;
-			gui::IGUIEnvironment* Environment;
 			video::IVideoDriver* Driver;
 			io::path filename;
 			FT_Face tt_face;

src/irrlicht_changes/static_text.cpp

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ void StaticText::draw()
 			updateText();
 
 		core::rect<s32> r = frameRect;
-		s32 height_line = font->getDimension(L"A").Height + font->getKerningHeight();
+		s32 height_line = font->getDimension(L"A").Height + font->getKerning(L'A').Y;
 		s32 height_total = height_line * BrokenText.size();
 		if (VAlign == EGUIA_CENTER && WordWrap)
 		{
@@ -546,7 +546,7 @@ s32 StaticText::getTextHeight() const
 		return 0;
 
 	if (WordWrap) {
-		s32 height = font->getDimension(L"A").Height + font->getKerningHeight();
+		s32 height = font->getDimension(L"A").Height + font->getKerning(L'A').Y;
 		return height * BrokenText.size();
 	}
 	// There may be intentional new lines without WordWrap

src/itemstackmetadata.cpp

@@ -88,12 +88,11 @@ void ItemStackMetadata::deSerialize(std::istream &is)
 void ItemStackMetadata::updateToolCapabilities()
 {
 	if (contains(TOOLCAP_KEY)) {
-		toolcaps_overridden = true;
 		toolcaps_override = ToolCapabilities();
 		std::istringstream is(getString(TOOLCAP_KEY));
-		toolcaps_override.deserializeJson(is);
+		toolcaps_override->deserializeJson(is);
 	} else {
-		toolcaps_overridden = false;
+		toolcaps_override = std::nullopt;
 	}
 }
 

src/itemstackmetadata.h

@@ -15,8 +15,7 @@ class IItemDefManager;
 class ItemStackMetadata : public SimpleMetadata
 {
 public:
-	ItemStackMetadata():
-			toolcaps_overridden(false)
+	ItemStackMetadata()
 	{}
 
 	// Overrides
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ public:
 	const ToolCapabilities &getToolCapabilities(
 			const ToolCapabilities &default_caps) const
 	{
-		return toolcaps_overridden ? toolcaps_override : default_caps;
+		return toolcaps_override.has_value() ? *toolcaps_override : default_caps;
 	}
 
 	void setToolCapabilities(const ToolCapabilities &caps);
@@ -40,7 +39,6 @@ public:
 		return wear_bar_override;
 	}
 
-
 	void setWearBarParams(const WearBarParams &params);
 	void clearWearBarParams();
 
@@ -48,7 +46,6 @@ private:
 	void updateToolCapabilities();
 	void updateWearBarParams();
 
-	bool toolcaps_overridden;
-	ToolCapabilities toolcaps_override;
+	std::optional<ToolCapabilities> toolcaps_override;
 	std::optional<WearBarParams> wear_bar_override;
 };